大家一起学标准之IEC61400-1(6）

点击听全文，大家继续一起学IEC61400-1。3 Terms and definitions3 术语和定义For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:·IEC Electropedia: available athttp://www.electropedia.org/http://www.electropedia.org/·ISO Online browsing platform: available athttp://www.iso.org/obphttp://www.iso.org/obp本标准适用以下术语及定义。ISO 与 IEC 在以下平台维护标准化专用术语数据库：IEC Electropedia 百科平台：网址 http://www.electropedia.org/ISO 在线浏览平台：网址 http://www.iso.org/obp3.1 annual average3.1 年平均值mean value of a set of measured data of sufficient size and duration to serve as an estimate of the expected value of the quantity.具备足够样本量与观测时长的一组测量数据的平均值，用于估算该物理量的期望值。Note 1 to entry: The averaging time interval should be a whole number of years (e.g. 10) to average out non-stationary effects such as seasonality.本条注释 1：平均时长需取整数年（例如 10 年），以抹平季节变化等非稳态影响。3.2 annual average wind speed3.2 年平均风速Vavewind speed averaged according to the definition of annual average.按照年平均值定义计算得到的平均风速。3.3 auto-reclosing cycle3.3 自动重合闸周期event with a time period, varying from approximately 0,01 s to a few seconds, during which a breaker released after a grid fault is automatically reclosed and the line is reconnected to the network.电网故障跳闸后的断路器，在约 0.01 秒至数秒时长内自动合闸，使线路重新接入电网的过程。3.4 blocking3.4 锁止装置use of a mechanical pin or other device (other than the ordinary mechanical brake) that cannot be released accidentally to prevent movement, for instance of the rotor shaft or yaw mechanism.< 风电机组专用 > 采用机械插销或其他不会意外解锁的装置（区别于常规机械制动器），用于限制风轮主轴、偏航机构等部件发生位移或转动。3.5 brake3.5 制动器device capable of reducing the rotor speed or stopping rotation.能够降低风轮转速或完全锁止风轮转动的装置。Note 1 to entry: The brake may operate on, for example, aerodynamic, mechanical or electrical principles.本条注释 1：制动器可依据气动、机械、电气原理实现制动功能。3.6 characteristic value3.6 特征值value having a prescribed probability of not being attained (i.e. an exceedance probability of less than or equal to a prescribed amount).规定了不被超越概率的取值（即该数值被超越的概率小于等于给定限值）。3.7 complex terrain3.7 复杂地形surrounding terrain that features significant variations in topography and terrain obstacles that may cause flow distortion.周边地形地势起伏剧烈，且存在易造成气流畸变的地形障碍物的地貌区域。3.8 control functions3.8 控制功能functions of the control system that, based on information about the condition of the wind turbine and/or its environment, adjust the turbine in order to maintain it within its operating limits.控制系统依据机组自身状态、外部环境信息对机组进行调节，使其运行参数始终处于设计运行限值内的各项功能。3.9 control system3.9 控制系统system implementing the turbine control functions, including sensors, logic elements, actuators, communication networks, and power supplies.实现机组全部控制功能的整套系统，包含传感器、逻辑运算单元、执行机构、通信网络与供电电源。Note 1 to entry: The intent of the control system is to control operation of the turbine by active and passive means and keep the operating parameters within the limits assumed in the structural design. The control system is likely to include control loops for normal operation as well as alarms and shutdown mechanisms to ensure that limits are not exceeded.本条注释 1：控制系统通过主动、被动方式管控机组运行，保证运行参数不超出结构设计预设限值；系统包含常规运行控制回路，同时配备报警与停机机构，确保运行限值不会被突破。3.10 cut-in wind speed3.10 切入风速Vinlowest 10 min average wind speed at hub height at which the wind turbine starts to produce power in the case of steady wind without turbulence.无湍流稳态风工况下，轮毂高度处风机开始并网发电的最低 10 分钟平均风速。3.11 cut-out wind speed3.11 切出风速Vouthighest 10 min average wind speed at hub height at which the wind turbine is designed to produce power in the case of steady wind without turbulence.无湍流稳态风工况下，轮毂高度处风机设计允许持续发电的最高 10 分钟平均风速。3.12 design limits3.12 设计限值maximum or minimum values used in a design.设计工作中采用的上限值或下限值。3.13 dormant failure3.13 隐性故障failure of a component or system which remains undetected during normal operation.部件或系统发生失效，但在常规运行过程中无法被检测发现的故障类型。3.14 downwind3.14 下风侧in the direction of the main wind vector.顺着主导风向的方位。3.15 electrical power network3.15 电力电网particular installations, substations, lines or cables for the transmission and distribution of electricity.用于电能输送、分配的专用设施、变电站、输电线路及电缆的整体。Note 1 to entry: The boundaries of the different parts of this network are defined by appropriate criteria, such as geographical situation, ownership, voltage.本条注释 1：电网各组成部分的划分边界依据地理位置、资产权属、电压等级等规范条件界定。3.16 emergency stop3.16 紧急停机rapid shutdown of the wind turbine triggered by manual intervention.由人工手动操作触发的机组快速停机动作。3.17 environmental conditions3.17 环境条件characteristics of the environment (wind, altitude, temperature, humidity, etc.) which may affect the wind turbine behaviour.能够影响风机运行状态的环境要素，包括风况、海拔、温度、湿度等。3.18 external conditions3.18 外部条件factors affecting operation of a wind turbine, including the environmental conditions (temperature, snow, ice, etc.) and the electrical network conditions.< 风电机组专用 > 所有会影响风机运行的外界因素，包含温湿度、积雪覆冰等环境条件，以及电网工况条件。3.19 extreme wind speed3.19 极端风速value of the highest wind speed, averaged over t in seconds, with an annual probability of exceedance of 1/N ("return period": N years).取t秒时长进行平均计算得到的最大风速值，该风速年超越概率为1/N，N即为以年为单位的重现期。Note 1 to entry: In this document, return periods of N = 50 years and N = 1 year and averaging time intervals of t = 3 s and t = 10 min are used. In popular language, the less precise term, survival wind speed, is often used. In this document, however, the turbine is designed using extreme wind speeds for design load cases.本条注释 1：本标准采用50 年、1 年两类重现期，以及3 秒、10 分钟两种平均时距。行业内常使用严谨性不足的俗称 “生存风速”，但本标准所有设计载荷工况均统一采用 “极端风速” 作为规范术语开展机组设计。简单总结本章是 IEC 61400-1:2019 第 3 章基础术语定义，统一规范了风机风速指标、启停边界、制动锁止结构、控制系统、故障类型、地形电网环境、极端风重现期等核心专业名词，为后续载荷工况、风况设计提供统一释义基准。今天就学到这里，明天我们继续学习，每天十分钟大家一起学标准。来源：智慧强学斋