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3.73 wind velocity 风速矢量
vector pointing in the direction of motion of a minute amount of air surrounding the point of consideration, the magnitude of the vector being equal to the speed of motion of this air "parcel" (i.e. the local wind speed)
矢量方向为考察点周围微量空气团的运动方向,矢量模长等于该空气团的运动速率(即当地风速)。
Note 1 to entry: The vector at any point is thus the time derivative of the position vector of the air "parcel" moving through the point.
注释 1:空间任意点处的风速矢量,等于途经该点空气团位置矢量对时间的导数。
3.74 wind turbine electrical system 风力发电机组电气系统
electrical equipment internal to the wind turbine, up to and including the wind turbine terminals, including equipment for earthing, bonding and communications
风机本体内部所有电气设备,范围直至并包含风机接线端子;涵盖接地、等电位联结及通信配套设备。
Note 1 to entry: Conductors local to the wind turbine, which are intended to provide an earth termination network specifically for the wind turbine, are included.
注释 1:专为风机布设、构成风机专用接地汇集网络的机内导体均包含在内。
3.75 wind turbine terminals 风机接线端子
point or points identified by the wind turbine supplier at which the wind turbine may be connected to the power collection system
由风机厂家划定的连接点位,风机可通过该点位接入场内集电系统。
Note 1 to entry: This includes connection for the purposes of transferring energy and communications.
注释 1:该点位同时用于电能传输与通信信号对接。
3.76 yawing 偏航动作
rotation of the rotor axis about a vertical axis
风轮主轴绕竖直轴线发生旋转的动作。
Note 1 to entry: For horizontal axis wind turbines only.
注释 1:仅适用于水平轴风力发电机组。
3.77 yaw misalignment 偏航对风偏差
horizontal deviation of the wind turbine rotor axis from the wind direction
风机风轮主轴与来流风向之间存在的水平夹角偏差。
4 符号与缩写术语
4.1 符号及单位
表格
符号 | 英文全称释义 | 中文释义 | 单位 |
C | scale parameter of the Weibull distribution function | 威布尔分布尺度参数 | [m/s] |
CCT | turbulence structure correction parameter | 湍流结构修正系数 | |
CT | thrust coefficient | 推力系数 | |
Coh | coherence function | 相干函数 | |
D | rotor diameter | 风轮直径 | [m] |
DTV,i | standard deviation of terrain variation Delta z in ith 30° sector | 第i个 30° 扇区内地形起伏高差Delta z 标准差 | [m] |
DTV,360 | standard deviation of terrain variation Delta z of the 360° circle area | 360° 全域圆形区域内地形起伏高差标准差 | [m] |
f | frequency | 频率 | [s⁻¹] |
fd | design value for material strength | 材料强度设计值 | |
fk | characteristic value for material strength | 材料强度特征值 | |
Fd | design value for loads | 荷载设计值 | |
Fk | characteristic value for loads | 荷载特征值 | |
Iref | reference value of the turbulence intensity corresponding to the 70 % quantile at 15 m/s | 15m/s 风速下 70% 分位数对应的湍流强度参考值 | |
Ieff | effective turbulence intensity | 等效湍流强度 | |
k | shape parameter of the Weibull distribution function | 威布尔分布形状参数 | |
k1 | empirical adjustment factor for TSI360, k1 = 5/3 | 全域湍流经验修正系数,取值 5/3 | |
k2 | empirical adjustment factor for TVI360, k2 = 3 | 全域地形经验修正系数,取值 3 | |
K | modified Bessel function | 修正贝塞尔函数 | |
L | isotropic turbulence integral scale parameter | 各向同性湍流积分尺度 | [m] |
Le | coherence scale parameter | 相干尺度参数 | [m] |
Lk | velocity component integral scale parameter | 风速分量积分尺度参数 | [m] |
m | Wöhler curve exponent | 沃勒(疲劳 S-N)曲线指数 | |
ni | counted number of fatigue cycles in load bin i | 第i个荷载区间内统计得到的疲劳循环次数 | |
N}(.) | number of cycles to failure as a function of the stress (or strain) indicated by the rgument (i.e. the characteristic S-N curve) | 以应力 / 应变为变量的疲劳破坏循环次数(特征 S-N 曲线) | |
N | return period for extreme situations | 极端工况重现期 | [years] |
p | air pressure | 气压 | [N/m²] |
P(V0) | probability distribution, i.e. the probability that (V < V_0\) | 累积概率分布函数:风速小于 V0的概率 | |
PR(V0) | Rayleigh probability distribution, i.e. the probability that V < V0 | 瑞利概率分布:风速小于 V0的概率 | |
Ps | survival probability | 生存概率 | |
PW(V0) | Weibull probability distribution | 威布尔概率分布 | |
r | magnitude of separation vector projection | 空间分隔矢量投影模长 | [m] |
R | radius of circle segment | 圆弧段半径 | [m] |
R0 | gas constant | 气体常数 | [J/(kg·K)] |
S | load function | 荷载函数 | |
si | the stress (or strain) level associated with the counted number of cycles in bin i | 对应第i荷载区间循环次数的应力 / 应变幅值 | |
S1(f) | power spectral density function for the longitudinal wind velocity component | 纵向风速分量功率谱密度函数 | [m²/s] |
SF,min | minimum value of safety factor for tooth breakage | 齿轮断齿最小安全系数 | |
SH,min | minimum value of safety factor for pitting | 齿面点蚀最小安全系数 | |
Sk(f) | one-sided power spectral density function for wind velocity component k: k=1 longitudinal component k=2 lateral component k=3 vertical component | 风速分量单边功率谱密度函数 k=1:纵向分量 k=2:横向分量 k=3:竖向分量 | [m²/s] |
T | gust characteristic time | 阵风特征时长 | [s] |
t | time | 时间 | [s] |
V | wind speed | 风速 | [m/s] |
V(z) | wind speed at height z | 高度z处风速 | [m/s] |
Vave | annual average wind speed at hub height | 轮毂高度年平均风速 | [m/s] |
Vcg | extreme coherent gust magnitude over the whole rotor swept area | 全风轮扫掠面内极端相干阵风幅值 | [m/s] |
VeN | expected extreme wind speed (averaged over three seconds), with a recurrence time interval of N years. Ve1 and Ve50 for 1 year and 50 years, respectively | N 年重现期 3s 平均期望极端风速; Ve1为 1 年一遇, Ve50为 50 年一遇 | [m/s] |
Vgust | largest gust magnitude with an expected return period of 50 years | 50 年一遇最大阵风幅值 | [m/s] |
Vhub | wind speed at hub height | 轮毂高度处风速 | [m/s] |
Vin | cut-in wind speed | 切入风速 | [m/s] |
简单总结
本段收尾了风机偏航、电气系统相关术语定义,开启标准第四章符号汇总章节,完整罗列风资源、湍流、地形、结构疲劳、载荷、谱分析、风速参数全套计算符号、物理含义与单位,是风机载荷计算、湍流仿真、疲劳寿命校核的统一参数对照表。
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