FEMFAT焊缝建模指导方针_FKM德国标准

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摘要：

本文为 FEMFAT 5.0 依据德国 FKM 标准编制的焊缝疲劳建模指导文件，系统覆盖对接、T 型、十字、角接、搭接、空心截面及激光焊等全类型接头。文档按熔透状态、坡口形式、单面 / 双面、壳‑实体混合连接分类，给出对应 MAT 材料编号、等效映射规则与焊缝节点标记（C100 系列）。明确焊趾 / 焊根评估、SSZ 参数计算、缝隙与角度敏感性分析方法，支持钢与铝合金材料、常规电弧焊与激光焊建模。提供壳‑实体连接（RSSC/RBE3）规范，完全遵循 FKM 焊缝疲劳评定流程，为机械结构焊接接头有限元疲劳仿真提供统一建模标准。

BUTT-WELD

I-Seam (MAT 101, 103) 5

V-Seam (not welded on the opposite side ) (MAT 105-108) 6

U-Seam (MAT 109-112) 7

X-Seam (MAT 113, 115) 8

Y-Seam (50% penetration) (MAT 117-120) 9

Y-Seam (80% penetration) (MAT 123-126) 10

V-Seam with backing strip (MAT 127-130) 11

V-Seam with Fillet Weld (Boss-Web connection) (MAT 131-134) 12

V-Seam w/o Fillet Weld (Boss-Web connection) (MAT 135-138) 13 HV-Seam (solid and shell-elements) (MAT 121, 122) 14

Front-End-WELD

V-Seam (MAT 171-174) 15

COMBINED JOINT

Butt Weld U-Seam with Web (MAT 109-112, MAT 150, MAT151) 16

T-WELD

One-Side Fillet Weld with Keyhole Notch (MAT 201-206) 17

One-Side Fillet Weld without Under-Cut (MAT 441-446) 18

Double Fillet Weld (MAT 207-212) 19

HV-Seam (MAT 213-218) 20

DHV-Seam (MAT 219-224) 21

DHY-Seam (MAT 225-230) 22

One-Side Fillet Weld with Clearance (MAT 291-296) 23

HY-Seam (80% penetration) (MAT 427-432) 24

One-Side Fillet Weld (shell- web, solid-belt) (MAT 235, 236) 25

Double Fillet Weld (shell- web, solid-belt) (MAT 241, 242) 26

One-Side Fillet Weld (shell-belt, solid- web) (MAT 251-254) 27

HY Seam + One-Sided Fillet Weld (MAT 255-260) 28

HY-Seam + One-Sided Fillet (reinforvement rib) (MAT 493-498) 29 Flared Joint (MAT 479-486) 30

T-WELD 45°

One-Side Fillet Weld inside (MAT 243-248) 31

One-Side Fillet Weld outside (MAT 261-266) 32

Double Fillet Weld (MAT 267-272) 33

One-Side Fillet S. inside (shell- web, solid-belt) (MAT 249, 250) 34

One-Side Fillet S. outside (shell- web, solid-belt) (MAT 275, 276) 35 Double Fillet Weld (shell- web, solid-belt) (MAT 281-282) 36 One-Side Fillet S. inside (shell-belt, solid- web) (MAT 277-280) 37

One-Side Fillet S. outside (shell-belt, solid- web) (MAT 283-286) 38

CROSS-WELD

Double Fillet Weld (MAT 301-308) 39

DVH-Seam (MAT 309-316) 40

DHY-Seam (MAT 317-324) 41

HV-Seam (MAT 371-378) 42

Triple Seam (non-symmetrical) (MAT 379-386) 43

LASER WELD (steel only)

Lap Joint, Non Galvanized, Discontinuous S. (MAT 331-338) 44

Lap Joint,Galvanized, Discontinuous Seam (MAT 341-348) 45

Lap Joint, Non Galvanized, Continuous Seam (MAT 351-358) 46

Lap Joint, Galvanized, Continuous Seam (MAT 361-368) 47

CORNER-WELD

One-side Fillet Weld inside (MAT 401-404) 48

Double Fillet Weld (MAT 405-408) 49

One-side Fillet Weld outside (MAT 409-412) 50

HV–Seam inside (MAT 413-416) 51

HV–Seam outside (MAT 417-420) 52

HV–Seam outside (80% penetration) (MAT 423-426) 53

OVERLAPPED-WELD

Fillet Weld (MAT 451-456) 54

Fillet Weld with distance (MAT 487-492) 55

Double Fillet Weld (MAT 457-464) 56

Fillet Weld (shell-web, solid-belt) (MAT 465-466) 57

Fillet Weld (shell-belt, solid-web) (MAT 467-470) 58

Bthside Overlapped-Weld (MAT 471-478) 59

JOINTS WITH HOLLOW SECTIONS

Butt Weld (aluminium) (MAT 331-334) 60

Butt Weld HV-Seam (steel) (MAT 433-436) 61

Butt Weld HY-S. (80% penetration, steel) (MAT 437-440) 62

Lap Joint (MAT 335-340) 63

T-Joint (MAT 341-346) 64

T-Joint (welded nut, completely welded) (MAT 347, 348) 65

T-Joint (welded nut, not completely welded) (MAT 349, 350) 66

Single Sided Joints

Butt Joint HV-Seam (MAT 175-176) 67

Butt Joint HY-Seam 50% geschw. (MAT 177-178) 68

Butt Joint DHV-Seam (MAT 179-180) 69

T-Joint, Web Plate, One Sided Fillet Weld (MAT 181-182) 70

T-Joint, Web Plate, Double Sided Fillet Weld (MAT 183-184) 71

T-Joint, Web Plate, HV-Seam (MAT 185-186) 72

T-Joint, Web Plate, DHV-Seam (MAT 187-188) 73

T-Joint, Web Plate, HY-Seam, 80% Penetration (MAT 189-190) 74 T-Joint, Web Plate, DHY-Seam (MAT 191-192) 75

T-Joint, Base Plate, One Sided Fillet Weld (MAT 193-194) 76

T-Joint, Base Plate, HY-Seam, 80% Penetr. (MAT 195-196) 77

Lap Joint, Cover Plate, Fillet Weld, (MAT 197-198) 78

Lap Joint, Base Plate, Fillet Weld, (MAT 199-200) 79

User Defined Extensions 80

Legend:

Gridpoints without special meaning...

(Shell-) Elements without orientation by... TOP

and without Material-ID MATxxx are flexible in orientation.

Welding-Seam-Nodes, which have to be marked with Cxxx, to be recognized by FEMFAT WELD look like...

Possible Colours of Weld-Seam-Nodes :

C100 ... Welding seam

C101 ... End of welding seam not welded around

C102 ... End of welding seam is welded around

C103 ... Combined weld seam node

C104 ... Combined node =weldseam end not welded around

C105 ... Combined node =weldseam end is welded around C106 ... Start of weld seam not welded around

C107 ... Start of weld seam welded around

C108 ... Combined node =weldseam start not welded around

C109 ... Combined node =weldseam start is welded around

…Identification of the joints supporting the weld sensitivity an alysis. With this feature, the influence of variation of the seam geometry parameters on the fatigue life can be studied. Currently, the parameters seam thickness, weld penetration degree, weld climb angle and gap will be considered for the joint types butt joint, T-90° joint, T-45° joint and lap joint. For further details please see FEMFAT WELD user manual.

Modelling of Shell-Solid-Joints:

A variety of options are available for combining shell and solid elements. Recommended are connecting shells, either directly with congruent meshes on the solid elements or connected with the solids using coupling elements (e.g. NASTRAN RBE3 elements), see Figure below. In NASTRAN a connection between shells and solids can be established with what are referred to as RSCC elements (Rigid Shell Solid Connector). But one has to observe, that this connection is less stiff for bending load. Other FE-tools provides similar options for shell solid connection. For example in ABAQUS it is possible to use shell-solid couplings to realize this connection. When choosing the type of modelling, it is important to make sure that integration is correct in terms of stiffness and that the stresses in the shell elements are represented as well as possible. The solid elements are not bound by any rules with regard to material labeling.The connecting elements (RSSC, RBE3...,) are marked by colour.

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: I-Seam

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT101, MAT103

Equivalent MAT label : 101 = 103

Parameter for SSZ-Joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet Displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 101)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: V-Seam (not welded on the opposite side)

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT105 - MAT108

Equivalent MAT label : 105 = 107, 106 = 108

Parameter for SSZ-Joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet Displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 105/106)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: U-Seam

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT109 - MAT112

Equivalent MAT label : 109 = 111, 110 = 112

Parameter for SSZ-Joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet Displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 109/110)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: X-Seam

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT113, MAT115

Equivalent MAT label : 113 = 115

Parameter for SSZ-Joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet Displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 113)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: Y-Seam (50% penetration)

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT117 - MAT120

Equivalent MAT label : 117 = 119, 118 = 120

Parameter for SSZ-Joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet Displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 117/118)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: Y-Seam (80% penetration)

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT123 - MAT126

Equivalent MAT label : 123 = 125, 124 = 126

Parameter for SSZ-Joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet Displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 123/124)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: V-Seam with Backing Strip (SHI)

2D Modelling:

Element type : THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

Element material label : MAT127 - MAT130

Äquivalent MAT label : 127 = 129, 128 = 130

Parameter for SSZ-joint : Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 127/128)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: V-seam with Fillet Weld

(Boss-web connection SHI)

2D Modelling:

Element type

Element material label Äquivalent MAT label

Parameter for SSZ-joint

: THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)
: MAT131 - MAT134

: Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 131/132)!

Weld type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: V-Seam without Fillet Weld

(Boss-web connection SHI)

2D Modelling:

Element type

Element material label Äquivalent MAT label

Parameter for SSZ-joint

: THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic) : MAT135 - MAT138

: Width of Seam b = ĸ (t1 +t2)/2

Bead of Seam e = λ b

Sheet displacement v [mm]

e refers to sheet side #2 (MAT 135/136)!

Weld Type: BUTT-WELD

Seam Shape: One-sided HV-Seam (shell-solid-connection)

2D Modelling:

Element type

Element material label Equivalent MAT label

: THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic) 3D-Element (linear or parabolic)

RSSC, RBE3...

= Rigid Shell Solid Connector Element : MAT121, MAT122

Weld Type: Forehead-WELD

Seam Shape: V-Seam

Weld Type: Combined Joint

Seam Shape: Butt U-Seam with Web

Weld Type: T-WELD

Seam Shape: One-Side Fillet Weld with Keyhole Notch

2D Modelling:

Element type

Element material label Equivalent MAT label

Parameter for SSZ-Joint

: THIN SHELL (linear or parabolic)

: MAT201 - MAT206

: Seam Thickness (a-value) a = λ (t1 +t2)/2

Seam Inclination Angle β = ĸ a

Degree of Weld Penetration η = (d/t2) sin a

详细内容请见附件

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FEMFAT焊缝建模指导方针_FKM德国标准

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船舶自动化案例PDF