【新文速递】2026年5月14日复合材料SCI期刊最新文章

今日更新：Composite Structures 16 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 1 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 3 篇，Composites Science and Technology 1 篇

Composite Structures

Spontaneous large deformation of composite birod − from three-dimensions to two-dimensions, and then to one-dimension

Guang-Hao Ma, Zhi-Xue Jiang, Lu-Xian Li, Tian-Wei Liu

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120462

复合材料双杆的自发大变形-从三维到二维，再到一维

This paper develops a theoretical framework for describing the spontaneous large deformation behavior of a birod system, in three dimensions, conceptualized as a composite structure composed of two mechanically interacting sub-rods. Relative to the formulation in Ref. [1], this work introduces two major advancements. First, a dual curvilinear coordinate system is adopted to couple the sub-rods, yielding a significantly more transparent and tractable set of governing equations for the spontaneous large deformation of this composite system. Second, the geometrical evolution of the system is characterized directly through intrinsic parameters, including stretch ratio, curvature, torsion, and azimuth angle, assigned to each sub-rod. Within this formulation, two-dimensional and one-dimensional growth problems arise naturally as reduced cases of the three-dimensional problems. In particular, we systematically an alyze and visualize inextensible three-dimensional growth, planar two-dimensional growth, and one-dimensional growth. Moreover, we report several new results that emerge during the spontaneous large deformation of this composite system, providing new insight into the geometric and mechanical behaviors of the two sub-rods.

本文发展了一个理论框架，用于描述一个双杆系统的自发大变形行为，在三维，概念化为由两个机械相互作用的子杆组成的复合结构。相对于参考文献[1]中的配方，本工作介绍了两个主要的进展。首先，采用对偶曲线坐标系对子杆进行耦合，得到了一套更加透明和易于处理的复合系统自发大变形控制方程。其次，通过分配给每个子杆的固有参数，包括拉伸比、曲率、扭矩和方位角，直接表征系统的几何演化。在这个公式中，二维和一维增长问题作为三维问题的简化情况自然出现。特别是，我们系统地分析和可视化不可扩展的三维生长、平面二维生长和一维生长。此外，我们报告了在该复合材料系统自发大变形过程中出现的几个新结果，为两个子棒的几何和力学行为提供了新的见解。

Octahedral fiber-composite inertial amplification metamaterials for broadband attenuation of three-dimensional vibrations

Koichi Mizukami, Shota Asayama, Keiji Ogi

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120448

用于三维振动宽带衰减的八面体光纤复合惯性放大超材料

This paper proposes octahedral inertial amplification metamaterials reinforced with continuous carbon fibers as lightweight structures for broadband attenuation of multidirectional vibrations. The band structures of the metamaterials were obtained using the finite element method and show that the partial embedding of continuous carbon fibers causes a significant band-gap expansion. The band-gap boundary mode shapes were a nalyzed to elucidate the underlying mechanis ms by which continuous fiber reinforcement widens the band gap. The dimensional parameters of the metamaterials were then optimized to maximize the band-gap width. The maximum achievable band-gap width of the proposed metamaterial was substantially larger than that of the unreinforced structure. In addition, an optimization to further enhance the attenuation, extracted from the complex band structure, was conducted as an optional design procedure following the band-gap width maximization. This procedure improves the attenuation within a target frequency range inside the band gap, albeit at the expense of the band-gap width. The optimized metamaterials were prepared by assembling components fabricated using a fiber-composite 3D printer. Hammering tests were performed to measure accelerance for multidirectional excitations. The measured accelerance exhibited a pronounced reduction within the numerically predicted band gap. These experimental results validate the effectiveness of the optimization designs.

本文提出用连续碳纤维增强八面体惯性放大超材料作为多向振动宽带衰减的轻量化结构。利用有限元方法获得了超材料的能带结构，结果表明连续碳纤维的部分嵌入会导致带隙的明显扩展。分析了带隙边界模振型，阐明了连续纤维增强使带隙变宽的潜在机制。然后对超材料的尺寸参数进行优化，以最大限度地提高带隙宽度。所提出的超材料的最大可实现带隙宽度大大大于未增强结构的带隙宽度。此外，从复杂的带结构中提取进一步增强衰减的优化，作为带隙宽度最大化之后的可选设计程序。该过程改善了带隙内目标频率范围内的衰减，尽管以牺牲带隙宽度为代价。优化后的超材料是通过组装纤维复合材料3D打印机制造的部件来制备的。用锤击试验测量了多向激励下的加速度。测量的加速度在数值预测的带隙内显示出明显的减小。实验结果验证了优化设计的有效性。

Callus geometry estimation for tibial fractures with flexible composite intramedullary nail

Mahtab Ali, Hassan Mehboob, Syed Zargham Abbas Hamdani, Seung Hwan Chang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120464

弹性复合髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折的骨痂几何形状评估

Fracture healing simulations often assume predefined callus geometry, although callus extent depends on fixation stiffness. This study developed a Python routine coupled with Abaqus, termed the biphasic stimulus-driven callus shape estimation algorithm, to estimate callus geometry by iteratively an alysing a candidate callus region, computing a biphasic stimulus from deviatoric strain and interstitial fluid flow, and removing elements below a relative threshold. Quantitative benchmark comparison used the Dice similarity coefficient and projected area error against two published reference cases. The algorithm was then applied to a simplified tibial diaphysis fracture model stabilised with intramedullary nails made of composite (glass/polypropylene), titanium alloy, and stainless steel. Subsequent mechanoregulation based healing simulations over 112 days predicted mean callus Young’s modulus of about 2.5, 2.2, and 2.05 GPa at day 112, respectively. The results indicate that reduced implant stiffness increases the predicted mechanically active callus envelope and increases mean callus stiffness under the assumed loading conditions. The workflow links callus geometry prediction to healing simulation, enabling quantitative evaluation of stiffness-tailored composite implants relative to conventional metallic devices within a consistent mechanobiological framework.

骨折愈合模拟通常假设预定义的骨痂几何形状，尽管骨痂的程度取决于固定刚度。本研究开发了一个Python程序，结合Abaqus，称为双相刺 激驱动的愈伤组织形状估计算法，通过迭代分析候选愈伤组织区域，计算偏差应变和间隙流体流动的双相刺 激，并去除低于相对阈值的元素，来估计愈伤组织的几何形状。定量基准比较使用骰 子相似系数和投影面积误差对两个已发表的参考案例。然后将该算法应用于一个简化的胫骨骨干骨折模型，该模型由复合材料（玻璃/聚丙烯）、钛合金和不锈钢制成的髓内钉稳定。随后基于机械调节的愈合模拟超过112天，预测在第112天，平均愈伤组织杨氏模量分别约为2.5、2.2和2.05 GPa。结果表明，在假定的载荷条件下，植入体刚度的降低增加了预测的机械活性愈伤组织包膜，并增加了平均愈伤组织刚度。该工作流程将骨痂几何形状预测与愈合模拟联系起来，从而能够在一致的机械生物学框架内对相对于传统金属装置的刚度定制复合植入物进行定量评估。

Arch height parameters optimization and variable cross-section design of parallel bistable beams for enhanced energy absorption characteristics

Ming Li, Jinhua Zhang, Ke Wang, Xin Su, Jun Hong, Bin Fang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120461

提高双稳平行梁吸能特性的拱高参数优化及变截面设计

As a fundamental unit in energy-absorbing structures, bistable beams have been widely used in the protection of various industrial systems, critical facilities and equipment. However, existing research indicates that the energy absorption efficiency of bistable beams has a maximum theoretical limit of 83.3%. To address this energy absorption limitation, this study focuses on the structural optimization of parallel bistable beams, specifically examining how different arch height parameters and variable cross-section design influence their mechanical properties. First, the effects of different arch height parameters on the mechanical properties of parallel bistable beams were investigated. A mechanical theoretical model of parallel bistable beams with different arch height was established, and a finite element simulation model was established to validate the theoretical an alysis results. The results showed that forward optimization improved the load-bearing capacity, while the introduction of varying arch height parameters created a delayed steady-state mechanis m, thereby significantly enhancing the structure’s energy absorption capacity. Subsequently, the effects of variable cross-section design on the mechanical properties of bistable beams were an alyzed. By redistributing the mass distribution of the bistable beam, the stiffness and damping characteristics of the structure were improved, which not only enhanced its energy dissipation capacity but also extended the quasi-zero-stiffness region. Then, the integrated optimized results from both schemes were implemented in a reusable quasi-zero-stiffness layered structure. This structure demonstrates excellent energy absorption capacity while simultaneously possessing superior load-bearing and zero stiffness capabilities. Finally, the rationality and accuracy of the proposed design were validated through finite element simulations and quasi-static experiments.

双稳梁作为吸能结构的基本单元，已广泛应用于各种工业系统和关键设施设备的保护中。然而，现有研究表明，双稳光束的能量吸收效率的最大理论极限为83.3%。为了解决这一能量吸收限制，本研究侧重于平行双稳梁的结构优化，特别是研究不同拱高参数和变截面设计对其力学性能的影响。首先，研究了不同拱高参数对平行双稳梁力学性能的影响。建立了不同拱高平行双稳梁的力学理论模型，并建立了有限元仿真模型对理论分析结果进行验证。结果表明，正向优化提高了结构的承载能力，而引入不同拱高参数则形成了一种延迟稳态机制，从而显著提高了结构的吸能能力。随后，分析了变截面设计对双稳梁力学性能的影响。通过重新分配双稳梁的质量分布，改善了结构的刚度和阻尼特性，不仅增强了结构的耗能能力，而且扩大了结构的准零刚度区域。然后，将两种方案的综合优化结果在可重复使用的准零刚度层状结构中实现。该结构具有良好的能量吸收能力，同时具有优越的承载和零刚度能力。最后，通过有限元仿真和准静态实验验证了所提设计的合理性和准确性。

State-programmable metamaterials via bioinspired geometric switching

Shuai Wang, Pengcheng Mo, Tianyue Li, Leina Zhao, Tao Deng

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120460

基于生物启发几何开关的状态可编程超材料

Conventional cushioning materials are limited by functional singularity, irreversible damage, and passive response. Inspired by the intelligent switching mechanis m of hedgehog spines, we propose a novel bioinspired lattice-spine metamaterial with state-programmable energy absorption. Through integrated finite element simulation, theoretical modeling, and experimental validation, we demonstrate that its macroscopic mechanical response, featuring a pronounced negative stiffness effect and high energy dissipation (exceeding 33.3%), can be effectively programmed via geometric design. This encompasses control over the unit’s aspect ratio, spatial orientation (vertical vs. inclined), and macro-architecture (hexagonal, square, spherical arrays). The vertical spine exhibits a characteristic “N-shaped” force–displacement curve with significant hysteresis, while a spherical base enables fully reversible deformation for reusability. The hexagonal close-packed array shows optimal specific energy absorption under impact due to uniform stress distribution. This work establishes a design framework for programmable, reusable protective structures, offering a promising solution for applications in aerospace buffering, intelligent protection systems.

传统的缓冲材料存在功能单一性、不可逆损伤和被动响应等缺点。受刺猬棘的智能开关机制的启发，我们提出了一种具有状态可编程能量吸收的新型仿生晶格棘超材料。通过综合有限元仿真、理论建模和实验验证，我们证明了其宏观力学响应具有明显的负刚度效应和高能量耗散（超过33.3%），可以通过几何设计有效地编程。这包括对单元长宽比、空间方向（垂直与倾斜）和宏观结构（六角形、方形、球形阵列）的控制。垂直脊柱呈典型的“n形”力-位移曲线，具有明显的迟滞性，而球形底座可实现完全可逆的变形，可重复使用。由于应力分布均匀，六边形密排阵列在冲击下具有最佳的比能吸收。这项工作建立了一个可编程的、可重复使用的保护结构的设计框架，为航空航天缓冲、智能保护系统的应用提供了一个有前途的解决方案。

Design of pre-stress driven nested interlocking mechanis m to enhance the novel assembled composite lattice structure with additive manufacturing

Long Zhang, Zhihao Xie, Jian Tang, Yiru Ren, Hongyong Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120459

采用增材制造技术设计预应力驱动嵌套联锁机构增强新型组合复合材料晶格结构

This study systematically explores a novel secondary load-bearing lattice structure based on a pre-stress-driven nested interlocking mechanis m. Through iterative structural design, three types of secondary load-bearing lattice structures are proposed. All specimens are manufactured via additive manufacturing and assembled through interference fit to construct integrated 3D lattice structures. Quasi-static crushing tests and failure characterization are performed to an alyze the mechanical response, failure modes and energy absorption. Coupled with finite element simulations, the stress distribution, deformation behaviors and failure mechanis ms within the lattice structures are further elucidated. Results indicate that the proposed design exhibits 72.76% higher specific energy absorption and 87.36% higher bearing capacity than conventional structures. Moreover, the pre-stress-induced interlocking enhancement mechanis m is clarified: the nested interlocking of bridge trusses regulates the load-transfer paths and suppresses unstable deformation. The effects of trans-layer continuous/discontinuous assembly are compared, revealing that the former exhibits superior structural integrity. Finally, the influences of key structural parameters (angle of inclined rod, thickness of truss and size of clamping groove) on the failure modes and mechanical performances are systematically investigated. This study offers valuable design guidelines for the controllable design and fabrication of high-performance 3D composite lattice structures.

本研究系统地探索了一种基于预应力驱动嵌套联锁机制的新型二次承重晶格结构。通过迭代结构设计，提出了三种次承格结构。所有样品均通过增材制造制造，并通过过盈配合组装以构建集成的三维晶格结构。进行了准静态破碎试验和破坏表征，分析了其力学响应、破坏模式和能量吸收。结合有限元模拟，进一步阐明了点阵结构内部的应力分布、变形行为和破坏机制。结果表明，该结构比常规结构的比能吸收提高72.76%，承载力提高87.36%。阐明了预应力联锁增强机制：桁架嵌套联锁调节荷载传递路径，抑制失稳变形。比较了跨层连续组装和非连续组装的效果，发现跨层连续组装具有更好的结构完整性。最后，系统研究了关键结构参数（斜杆角度、桁架厚度和夹紧槽尺寸）对结构破坏模式和力学性能的影响。该研究为高性能三维复合材料晶格结构的可控设计和制造提供了有价值的设计指导。

Research on the influence of clamp-assisted contact on the suppression of exit damages in thin-walled composites

Sichen Chen, Gongping Liu, Yuanrui Liang, Zemin Pan, Libin Wang, Qiang Fang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120458

夹紧接触对薄壁复合材料出口损伤抑制的影响研究

Flexible track drilling robot (FTDR) serves as an effective in-situ machining equipment, utilizing a press-foot for normality adjustment to ensure perpendicular drilling on curved surfaces. However, our established clamp-assisted model and experiments reveal a double-edged effect: insufficient clamping induces distinct exit damages, including intralaminar splitting, transverse shear-induced crushing and spalling, while excessive clamping increases the bending strain energy within the thin-walled structure, and results in crushing and spalling with push-out delamination in severe instances. To mitigate these exit damages initiation, an innovative variable-parameter active control strategy is developed based on rigorous damage suppression modeling. Damage-free parameters identified by the theoretical model, and the drilling process shifts to a low feed rate, medium spindle speed, and high clamping force in the critical exit plies. Experimental validation demonstrates that this proposed method successfully suppress intralaminar splitting, spalling, and interlaminar delamination. Compared with the traditional conservative approach, the proposed method enhances machining efficiency by 35.2% and 57.1% in two validation cases with no exit damages. This theoretical modeling and a nalysis approach offers a viable, scalable solution for exit quality control in industrial FTDR drilling applications.

柔性履带钻孔机器人（FTDR）是一种有效的原位加工设备，利用压脚进行法向调整，以确保在弯曲表面上垂直钻孔。然而，我们建立的夹紧辅助模型和实验揭示了双刃剑效应：夹紧不足会导致明显的出口损伤，包括层内分裂、横向剪切诱导的破碎和剥落，而过度夹紧会增加薄壁结构内的弯曲应变能，严重时导致挤压和剥落，并伴有推出分层。为了减轻这些出口损伤，基于严格的损伤抑制模型，提出了一种创新的变参数主动控制策略。理论模型确定了无损伤参数，并且在关键出口层中，钻孔过程转向低进给速率、中等主轴转速和高夹紧力。实验验证表明，该方法成功地抑制了层间分裂、剥落和层间脱层。与传统保守方法相比，在无出口损伤的两种验证情况下，该方法的加工效率分别提高了35.2%和57.1%。这种理论建模和分析方法为工业FTDR钻井应用中的出口质量控制提供了一种可行的、可扩展的解决方案。

Tension-tension fatigue behavior of airship envelope composites at different temperatures: a numerical and experimental study

Wencheng Pan, Boyu Zhang, Xinyuan Bai, Hao Duan, Huiyu Sun

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120456

飞艇包壳复合材料在不同温度下的拉-拉疲劳行为：数值与实验研究

In recent years, research into stratospheric airship envelope composites (AEC) has garnered increasing attention. This paper focuses on investigating the influence of temperature effects on the fatigue properties of AEC. The relationship between the modulus of AEC and temperature was determined using dynamic mechanical an alysis and uniaxial tensile experiments. A constitutive model for predicting the evolution of fatigue mechanical properties of AEC is derived, and then a finite element a nalysis (FEA) model is established using ABAQUS. Tension-tension fatigue experiments are conducted on AEC within a stress level range of 60% to 80% and a temperature range of −5℃ to 40°C. The results indicate that the average deviations between the theoretical and FEA model calculations and the experimental results are 10.72% and 7.54%, respectively. As the number of cycles increases, the cyclic tangent modulus of AEC exhibits an overall upward trend until fatigue fracture occurs. The fatigue life of AEC increases with the increase of temperature. It is worth noting that at 40°C, the fatigue life of AEC under 80% stress level is nearly one order of magnitude lower than that under 70% stress level. Especially, when temperature is near the glass transition temperature, fatigue fractures occur at yarn spacing. The findings and conclusions presented in this study can provide a valuable reference for the engineering application of envelope materials.

近年来，平流层飞艇包层复合材料（AEC）的研究越来越受到人们的关注。本文重点研究了温度效应对AEC疲劳性能的影响。通过动态力学分析和单轴拉伸试验，确定了AEC模量与温度的关系。建立了预测AEC疲劳力学性能演变的本构模型，并利用ABAQUS建立了AEC疲劳力学性能演化的有限元分析模型。在应力水平为60% ~ 80%，温度范围为- 5℃~ 40℃的AEC上进行拉伸-拉伸疲劳试验。结果表明，理论计算和有限元模型计算与实验结果的平均偏差分别为10.72%和7.54%。随着循环次数的增加，AEC的循环切模量总体呈上升趋势，直至发生疲劳断裂。AEC的疲劳寿命随着温度的升高而增加。值得注意的是，在40℃时，AEC在80%应力水平下的疲劳寿命比在70%应力水平下的疲劳寿命低近一个数量级。特别是当温度接近玻璃化转变温度时，纱线间距处出现疲劳断裂。研究结果和结论可为围护结构材料的工程应用提供有价值的参考。

The influence of tensile displacement rate and carbon/glass hybrid effect on the tensile properties of CFRP laminates with countersunk holes

Qinghe Shi, Huadong Jia, Lei Wang, Kejun Hu, Fan Yang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120455

拉伸位移率和碳/玻璃杂化效应对沉孔CFRP复合材料拉伸性能的影响

This study employs a combined approach of numerical simulation and experimentation to systematically investigate the mechanical response and damage mechanis ms of composite laminates with countersunk holes under axial tensile loading, as influenced by tensile displacement rate and glass fiber hybrid ratio. During testing, acoustic emission (AE) technology and digital image correlation (DIC) were utilized for real-time monitoring of damage evolution. During the numerical simulation process, three-dimensional finite element models of carbon/glass fiber reinforced polymer (C/GFRP) laminates with different hybrid ratios were established. The 3D-Hashin failure criterion, B-K criterion, and zero-thickness cohesive elements were employed to describe the progressive damage behavior of the material. Research findings indicate that high-strain-rate loading suppresses crack branching and propagation within laminates, concentrating energy more toward fiber failure. This significantly mitigates the development of damage mechanis ms such as matrix cracking, delamination, and fiber–matrix interface debonding. Additionally, as the increase in the proportion of glass fiber, the damage zone near the countersunk hole noticeably shrinks, and the damage mechanis m gradually shifts from multiple coexisting forms to primarily fiber breakage and matrix cracking. Under identical hybrid ratios and layup angles, the damage pattern exhibits little sensitivity to the specific location of glass fibers. The development of interlaminar damage is controlled by the hybrid ratio: higher glass fiber hybrid ratios result in less severe delamination damage, and the delamination range around the countersunk hole correspondingly decreases. These findings provide crucial theoretical support for optimizing composite laminate structures.

采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法，系统研究了复合材料沉孔层合板在轴向拉伸载荷作用下，拉伸位移率和玻纤混杂率对层合板力学响应及损伤机理的影响。在试验过程中，利用声发射（AE）技术和数字图像相关（DIC）技术对损伤演变过程进行实时监测。在数值模拟过程中，建立了不同混杂比下碳纤维/玻璃钢（C/GFRP）层合板的三维有限元模型。采用3D-Hashin破坏准则、B-K准则和零厚度内聚单元来描述材料的渐进损伤行为。研究结果表明，高应变率加载抑制了层合材料内部裂纹的分支和扩展，使能量更多地集中在纤维断裂上。这大大减轻了损伤机制的发展，如基体开裂、分层和纤维-基体界面脱粘。此外，随着玻璃纤维掺量的增加，沉孔附近的损伤区域明显缩小，损伤机制逐渐由多种并存形式转变为以纤维断裂和基体开裂为主。在相同的混杂比和铺层角度下，损伤模式对玻璃纤维的具体 位置不敏感。层间损伤的发展受混杂比的控制，玻璃纤维混杂比越高，分层损伤越轻，沉孔周围的分层范围相应减小。这些发现为优化复合材料层合板结构提供了重要的理论支持。

Synergistic electromagnetic mechanis ms and intelligent inverse design of ultra-wideband carbon/silicon carbide fiber metamaterials

Guosong Zhu, Xiaoyuan Li, Yue Hu, Wei Zhou, Heng Luo, Xiaomeng Fan, Zhuan Li, Peng Xiao, Feixiang Wu, Yang Li

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120454

超宽带碳/碳化硅纤维超材料的协同电磁机理及智能逆设计

To address the bottleneck of multidimensional parameter space optimization faced by traditional absorbers in broadband design, this study proposes an intelligent inverse design framework integrating a General Regression Neural Network optimized by the Sparrow Search Algorithm with a segmented particle swarm algorithm. By configuring an impedance gradient through an upper sparse H-shaped array and a lower high-density lantern-shaped array, efficient energy dissipation is achieved by combining the magnetic coupling resonance of silicon carbide fibers with the strong eddy current loss on carbon fiber surfaces. Both experimental measurements and simulation results confirm that the 3-mm-thick anisotropic structure—comprising H-shaped and lantern-shaped elements—exhibits a wide effective absorption bandwidth of 10.2 GHz and a minimum reflection loss of −19.32 dB. However, its absorption performance in the low-frequency band remains limited. In contrast, the double-layer co-directional arrangement structure, by optimizing synergistic electromagnetic coupling and impedance matching between heterogeneous units, more effectively excites cooperative electromagnetic loss between units. This achieves an effective absorption bandwidth of 14.0675 GHz across the 3.9325–18 GHz frequency band while maintaining a minimum reflection loss of −19.80 dB. Simultaneously, radar cross-section testing validates its significant scattering suppression capability across a wide angular domain, demonstrating intelligent design for high-performance stealth materials.

针对传统吸波器在宽带设计中面临的多维参数空间优化瓶颈，提出了一种结合麻雀搜索算法优化的广义回归神经网络和分段粒子群算法的智能反设计框架。通过上部稀疏h形阵列和下部高密度灯笼形阵列配置阻抗梯度，将碳化硅纤维的磁耦合共振与碳纤维表面的强涡流损耗相结合，实现了高效的能量耗散。实验测量和仿真结果均证实，由h形和灯笼形元件组成的3 mm厚各向异性结构具有10.2 GHz的宽有效吸收带宽和- 19.32 dB的最小反射损耗。然而，它在低频波段的吸收性能仍然有限。而双层共向排列结构通过优化异质单元之间的协同电磁耦合和阻抗匹配，更有效地激发了单元之间的协同电磁损耗。在3.9325-18 GHz频段内，有效吸收带宽达到14.0675 GHz，同时保持最小反射损耗- 19.80 dB。同时，雷达横截面测试验证了其在宽角域的显著散射抑制能力，展示了高性能隐身材料的智能设计。

Functionally gradient HEC-HEA high-entropy cemented carbides reinforced with graphene

Kunlong Cai, Jialin Sun, Xin Xu, Xiteng Wang, Xiuying Ni, Jun Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120453

石墨烯增强功能梯度HEC-HEA高熵硬质合金

Functionally gradient cemented carbides generally yielded superior combination of hardness and fracture toughness, wear resistance and strength to homogeneous cemented carbides. However, the liquid-phase migration across the gradient direction significantly limited the development of functionally graded cemented carbides. Herein, high-entropy carbide (HEC) and high-entropy alloy (HEA) were proposed as alternative hard and binder phases to traditional WC and Co, respectively. Furthermore, functionally gradient HEC-HEA cemented carbides were successfully prepared through introducing gradient-distributed graphene as stabilizing agent. It is demonstrated that the intrinsic sluggish diffusion effect of high-entropy components synergizes with the physical barrier function and thermal conduction plate effect of graphene, effectively suppressing long-range liquid phase HEA migration along the gradient direction even at relatively high sintering temperatures. Moreover, gradient HEC-HEA enjoyed much enhanced hardness-fracture toughness relationship in comparison with traditional cemented carbide systems including homogeneous and graded WC-Metal, WC-HEA, HEC-Metal, HEC-HEA. This work provided new strategy for developing gradient cemented carbides or cermets through coupling high-entropy and graphene.

功能梯度硬质合金的硬度、断裂韧性、耐磨性和强度均优于均匀硬质合金。然而，液相在梯度方向上的迁移极大地限制了功能梯度硬质合金的发展。本文提出高熵碳化物（HEC）和高熵合金（HEA）分别作为硬质相和粘结相替代传统WC和Co。此外，通过引入梯度分布的石墨烯作为稳定剂，成功制备了功能梯度HEC-HEA硬质合金。结果表明，高熵组分固有的缓慢扩散效应与石墨烯的物理势垒功能和导热板效应协同作用，即使在较高的烧结温度下也能有效抑制液相HEA沿梯度方向的长距离迁移。此外，梯度HEC-HEA与传统硬质合金体系（均质和梯度WC-Metal、WC-HEA、HEC-Metal、HEC-HEA）相比，硬度-断裂-韧性关系明显增强。本研究为高熵与石墨烯耦合制备梯度硬质合金或金属陶瓷提供了新思路。

Geopolymer seawater sea-sand concrete-filled double-skin aluminum alloy tube (GSCFDAT) short columns: Eccentric behavior and design method

Haifeng Yang, Jiapei Huang, Wei Chai, Jiasheng Jiang, Fukun Li, Junjie Mei, Youwei Zhou, Jiankai Fang

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120452

地聚合物海水海砂混凝土填充双层铝合金管（GSCFDAT）短柱偏心性能及设计方法

Geopolymer seawater sea-sand concrete (GSC) presented a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete in island construction. This study pioneered the experiment and finite element an alysis (FEA) into the composite action and design method of 27 geopolymer seawater sea-sand concrete-filled double-skin aluminum alloy tube (GSCFDAT) short columns under eccentric compression. Results indicated that ultimate failure was driven by mid-height lateral deflection, with load-deformation curves exhibiting without a distinct hardening stage. The study revealed that the outer aluminum alloy tube (AT) bore 3.68 to 4.40 times the load of the inner AT, providing dominant confinement, with its diameter-to-thickness ratio identified as the most critical parameter influencing composite bearing capacity. Building upon the collaborative bearing mechanis m, a two-column confinement superposition method was applied. By extracting four feature points from the N-M curve, the transition across varying loading regimes was captured. A parabolic model was established to represent the geometric profile of curve, and the correlation coefficients was determined based on the coordinates of the feature points. The resulting an alytical model not only yielded a robust prediction of bearing capacity but also offered a superior mechanistic interpretation of the double-skin confinement effect, also providing accurate capacity predictions for composite structures with different material combinations.

地聚合物海水海砂混凝土（GSC）在海岛建设中是传统混凝土的可持续替代品。本研究首次将试验和有限元分析（FEA）应用于27根地聚合物海水海砂混凝土填充双皮铝合金管（GSCFDAT）偏心受压短柱的复合作用和设计方法。结果表明：最终破坏是由中高侧移驱动的，荷载-变形曲线没有明显的硬化阶段；研究表明，外铝合金管（AT）承受的载荷是内铝合金管的3.68 ~ 4.40倍，具有主导约束作用，其径厚比是影响复合材料承载力的最关键参数。在协同承载机制的基础上，采用了两柱约束叠加法。通过从N-M曲线中提取四个特征点，捕获了不同加载状态下的过渡。建立抛物线模型来表示曲线的几何轮廓，并根据特征点坐标确定相关系数。所建立的分析模型不仅对复合材料的承载力进行了可靠的预测，而且对双表皮约束效应提供了较好的力学解释，并对不同材料组合的复合材料结构提供了准确的承载力预测。

Experimental study on the uniaxial tensile properties of CFRCM plates modified by nano-silica coating

Xuhua Lin, Dawei Zhang, Ying Wang, Zhiyu Xie, Jiarong Liu

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120451

纳米二氧化硅涂层改性CFRCM板单轴拉伸性能的实验研究

Carbon fabric reinforced cementitious matrix (CFRCM) composites are emerging as promising multifunctional materials for structural integration. However, their cooperative load-bearing efficiency lags significantly behind fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) systems, with limited fabric utilization remaining a critical constraint due to poor interfacial bonding. To address this bottleneck, this study investigates the multiscale impact of nano-silica coatings with distinct physicochemical states (powder suspension, alkaline solution, and thixotropic slurry) on the tensile behavior of CFRCM plates. Results indicate that optimizing the coating’s colloidal state transforms the failure mode from telescopic pull-out to stable multiple-cracking rupture. Among the strategies, the thixotropic slurry (VKS01W) demonstrated superior efficacy, driven by its optimal rheology and pH compatibility (5–7) which facilitated deep infiltration and chemical bonding. Consequently, the VKS01W-modified carbon system achieved a simultaneous breakthrough in ultimate stress (+58.0%) and toughness (+312.4%), realizing a near-ideal fabric utilization rate of 97%. Notably, this enhancement was further amplified in carbon-glass hybrid systems, which exhibited a 94.8% increase in ultimate stress and a 624.3% surge in toughness. This study elucidates the decisive role of colloidal physicochemical properties in interfacial activation, establishing a robust framework for overcoming the fundamental bottleneck of poor fabric utilization in FRCM systems.

碳纤维增强胶凝基复合材料是一种极具发展前景的多功能结构集成材料。然而，它们的协同承载效率明显落后于纤维增强聚合物（FRP）系统，由于界面粘合不良，有限的织物利用率仍然是一个关键制约因素。为了解决这一瓶颈，本研究研究了不同物理化学状态（粉末悬浮液、碱性溶液和触变浆料）的纳米二氧化硅涂层对CFRCM板拉伸性能的多尺度影响。结果表明，优化涂层的胶体态可使涂层的破坏模式由伸缩式拉出转变为稳定的多重裂纹断裂。其中，触变浆液（VKS01W）表现出优异的效果，其最佳的流变性和pH相容性（5-7）促进了深层渗透和化学结合。因此，vks01w改性碳体系实现了极限应力（+58.0%）和韧性（+312.4%）的同时突破，实现了接近理想的97%的织物利用率。值得注意的是，这种增强在碳-玻璃混合体系中得到了进一步放大，其极限应力增加了94.8%，韧性增加了624.3%。该研究阐明了胶体物理化学性质在界面活化中的决定性作用，为克服FRCM系统中织物利用率差的基本瓶颈建立了一个强有力的框架。

Development of κ-carrageenan/boron–strontium co-substituted hydroxyapatite bioactive composite scaffolds: physicochemical, mechanical, thermal and in vitro biological evaluations

Seyithan Kansız, Mahmut Parmaksiz, Murat Taner Vurat, Erdal Emir, Ayşe Eser Elçin, Yaşar Murat Elçin

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120450

κ-卡拉胶/硼锶共取代羟基磷灰石生物活性复合支架的研制：理化、力学、热及体外生物学评价

Composite scaffolds generally serve only as a passive environment for cells and lack the natural bioactivity found in bone grafts. To enhance bioactivity, ion-substituted hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles in which calcium or phosphate ions are substituted with bioactive ions represent a promising strategy. Among these bioactive ions, strontium is well-known for its osteogenic properties, while boron has been reported to induce angiogenesis. In this study, a novel composite scaffold composed of methacrylated κ-carrageenan (κ-Car-MA) and boron/strontium co-substituted HAp (B-Sr-HAp) was developed to improve the bioactivity and load-bearing capacity of the κ-Car-MA-based structure. The release profiles of boron and strontium ions were monitored in vitro over 21 days and found that boron and strontium concentrations were 35.82 ± 0.62 mg/L and 155.15 ± 8.19 mg/L, respectively. Mechanical compression tests demonstrated that the κ-Car-MA-B-Sr-HAp composite exhibited improved mechanical properties, increasing its compressive strength (from 80.52 ± 11.21 kPa to 123.19 ± 12.48 kPa) and compressive modulus (from 4.34 ± 1.76 kPa to 8.50 ± 3.75 kPa) compared to the κ-Car-MA control group, while maintaining cyto- and hemo-compatibility. Additionally, a preliminary chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay revealed that the κ-Car-MA-B-Sr-HAp composite possesses pro-angiogenic performance indicating its potential to be used as a bioactive bone graft material in hard tissue applications.

复合支架通常仅作为细胞的被动环境，缺乏骨移植物所具有的天然生物活性。为了提高生物活性，离子取代羟基磷灰石（HAp）颗粒中钙或磷酸盐离子被生物活性离子取代是一种很有前途的策略。在这些生物活性离子中，锶以其成骨特性而闻名，而硼则被报道能诱导血管生成。本研究以甲基丙烯酸基κ-卡拉胶（κ-Car-MA）和硼/锶共取代羟基磷灰石（B-Sr-HAp）为材料，制备了一种新型复合支架，以提高κ-Car-MA结构的生物活性和承载能力。体外21 d监测硼和锶离子释放谱，硼和锶浓度分别为35.82±0.62 mg/L和155.15±8.19 mg/L。力学压缩试验表明，与κ-Car-MA对照组相比，κ-Car-MA- b - sr - hap复合材料的力学性能得到改善，抗压强度（从80.52±11.21 kPa提高到123.19±12.48 kPa）和抗压模量（从4.34±1.76 kPa提高到8.50±3.75 kPa），同时保持细胞和血液相容性。此外，一项初步的鸡绒毛膜尿囊膜（CAM）实验显示，κ-Car-MA-B-Sr-HAp复合材料具有促血管生成的性能，这表明它有可能作为一种生物活性骨移植材料应用于硬组织。

A precise conductivity manipulation method in designing thermal metamaterials

Yikang Zhang, Xiaoyi Huang, Rongzheng Huang, Dingyu Li, Kai Wei

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120447

一种设计热超材料的精确电导率操纵方法

Thermal metamaterials transcend the intrinsic limitations of conventional materials’ thermal conductivity through the design of artificial microstructures, and demonstrate remarkable potential for directional thermal flux manipulation and advanced thermal management applications. Nevertheless, the prevailing design methodologies remain constrained by fundamental limitations: 1. The optimized topological structures exhibit poor continuity, resulting in low manufacturability. 2. The black-box optimization process disrupts the relationship between structural parameters and thermal conductivity, obstructing the derivation of the an alytical solution. Accordingly, an innovative design strategy based on tip regulation is first employed to construct a bimaterial thermal microstructure library comprising 12 fundamental configurations and 36 derivative configurations. Benefiting from the parametric design of the microstructure library, the thermal metamaterials designed based on the library exhibit excellent structural continuity. Additionally, a direct mapping relationship between microstructural parameters and thermal conductivity is established through the thermal resistance method and the discrete microstructure method, thereby first overcoming the challenge of deriving the an alytical solution for the thermal conductivity of complex bimaterial microstructures. On this basis, through the an alysis of geometric parameters, the mechanis m of structural characteristics in regulating thermal conductivity is revealed, enabling the control range of thermal conductivity to reach 0.026 ∼ 151 W / ( m · K ) . Furthermore, the thermal concentrators with favorable continuity are designed based on the microstructure library and through theoretical an alysis, numerical simulations, and geometric parameter a nalysis, the mechanis m of controlling the thermal conductivity tensor to regulate the thermally concentrated temperature field is uncovered, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between structured design and performance predictability.

通过人工微结构的设计，热超材料超越了传统材料导热性的固有限制，在定向热通量控制和高级热管理应用方面显示出显着的潜力。然而，流行的设计方法仍然受到基本限制的约束：优化后的拓扑结构具有较差的连续性，可制造性较低。2. 黑盒优化过程破坏了结构参数与导热系数之间的关系，阻碍了解析解的推导。因此，首先采用基于尖端调节的创新设计策略构建了包含12个基本构型和36个衍生构型的双材料热微观结构库。得益于微观结构库的参数化设计，基于该库设计的热超材料具有良好的结构连续性。此外，通过热阻法和离散微观结构法建立了微观结构参数与导热系数的直接映射关系，从而首次克服了复杂双材料微观结构导热系数解析解的推导难题。在此基础上，通过对几何参数的分析，揭示了结构特性对导热系数的调节机理，使导热系数的控制范围达到0.026 ~ 151 W / （m·K）。在此基础上，设计了具有良好连续性的聚光器，通过理论分析、数值模拟和几何参数分析，揭示了控制导热张量调节热集中温度场的机理，更全面地理解了结构设计与性能可预测性之间的关系。

A variational continuity approach for dynamic magneto-thermo-hyperelastic stress an alysis of thick multilayer cylindrical pressure vessels reinforced by magnetic particles

M. Shariyat, M.J. Ebrahimi

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120445

磁性颗粒增强多层厚圆柱形压力容器动态磁热超弹性应力分析的变分连续性方法

This article investigates the temporal and spatial distributions of deformation and stress in multilayered, thick, particle-reinforced, magnetically active hyperelastic cylindrical vessels subjected to coupled magneto-thermo-mechanical loading, including radial temperature gradients, magnetic actuation, and impulsive internal pressure. A decomposition approach is employed to enforce the incompressibility constraint on the mechanical deformation. The governing equations are formulated using an incompressible Mooney–Rivlin hyperelastic constitutive model for the polymeric matrix, a magneto-thermo-elastic strain-energy density function, and a rule-of-mixtures homogenization scheme to represent the high–volume-fraction hard magnetic inclusions. The model captures full magneto-thermo-mechanical coupling as well as layerwise variations in material properties and constituent volume fractions. In contrast to conventional three-dimensional elasticity formulations or Galerkin-based methods, which require the explicit imposition of interfacial continuity and boundary conditions on stresses, a variational framework is adopted that satisfies these conditions intrinsically. The resulting system of strongly coupled, nonlinear governing equations is solved using a finite element discretization in space and an explicit Runge–Kutta time integration scheme. A comprehensive parametric investigation is performed to quantify the influence of combined magnetic and thermal fields, as well as the effects of different stacking sequences in the thermo-magneto-hyperelastic laminate architecture. Results demonstrate that stronger magnetic fields lead to greater magnetostrictive contraction, reduced radial displacement, amplified and increased hoop stress fluctuations, and the activation of higher modes, indicating field-controlled stiffening. Due to the strain-dependent material properties, the natural frequencies vary over time and among cylinder sublayers. Furthermore, shifting the magnetic phase outward lowers global inflation but elevates stress. A higher magnetic particle fraction near the inner versus outer surface preferentially increases overall displacement and through-thickness stress, respectively. Layerwise variations in magnetic phase volume fraction generate time-dependent hoop-stress discontinuities at interfaces, curvature differences in the layers’ stress distributions, and possible time-dependent jump reversals.

本文研究了在磁-热-机械耦合载荷作用下，多层、厚、颗粒增强、磁活性超弹性圆柱形容器的变形和应力的时空分布，包括径向温度梯度、磁驱动和脉冲内压。采用分解方法对力学变形进行不可压缩约束。控制方程采用不可压缩的聚合物基体Mooney-Rivlin超弹性本构模型、磁-热弹性应变-能量密度函数和混合规则均质方案来表示高体积分数的硬磁性包裹体。该模型捕获了完整的磁-热-机械耦合以及材料性能和组成体积分数的分层变化。传统的三维弹性公式或基于galerkin的方法需要对应力施加界面连续性和边界条件，与之相反，采用了一种本质上满足这些条件的变分框架。采用空间有限元离散和显式龙格-库塔时间积分格式求解强耦合非线性控制方程组。为了量化复合磁场和热场的影响，以及不同堆叠顺序对热磁超弹性层压板结构的影响，进行了全面的参数化研究。结果表明，强磁场导致磁致伸缩收缩更大，径向位移减小，环向应力波动放大和增加，激活高阶模态，表明磁场控制的加筋。由于应变相关的材料特性，固有频率随时间和圆柱子层之间变化。此外，磁相向外移动降低了全球通胀，但增加了压力。相对于外表面，靠近内表面的磁性颗粒分数越高，总位移和穿透厚度应力越高。磁相体积分数的分层变化会在界面处产生时变环应力不连续，层间应力分布的曲率差异，以及可能的时变跳变反转。

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Micromechanics-based modeling the temperature and strain rate dependence of tensile strength for fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Ying Li, Zhipeng Mai, Yi Lin, Zhuxuan Li, Zhouyi Ju, Biaoxian Cao, Zi yuan Zhao, Weiguo Li

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109929

基于细观力学的纤维增强聚合物复合材料抗拉强度温度和应变速率依赖模型

The quantitative characterization and accurate prediction of tensile strength of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites under the coupled effects of temperature and strain rate are of critical importance for their safe application in aerospace. However, the existing theoretical models are mostly empirical and need extensive experimental tests. In this study, a micromechanics-based temperature and strain rate dependent tensile strength (TSRDTS) model for FRP composites was proposed based on the Force-Heat Equivalence Energy Density (FHEED) principle presented in our previous work. The model predictions on the tensile strength of FRP composites across a comprehensive coverage of temperature and strain rate were validated by the available test data, and the predictive accuracy is comparable to that of existing empirical models. According to the proposed model, the aim was to further an alyze the influence mechanis ms of temperature and strain rate on tensile strength, and the result was the revelation of strength degradation behavior. This study advances the understanding of multi-field coupled failure in FRP composites and provides a sound theoretical approach for strength prediction under extreme temperatures and strain rates. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the safe design and reliability assess ment of FRP composite structures subjected to varying temperatures and dynamic loads.

温度和应变速率耦合作用下纤维增强聚合物（FRP）复合材料抗拉强度的定量表征和准确预测对其在航空航天领域的安全应用至关重要。然而，现有的理论模型大多是经验性的，需要大量的实验检验。在本研究中，基于力-热等效能量密度（FHEED）原理，提出了一种基于温度和应变率的FRP复合材料抗拉强度（TSRDTS）模型。通过现有的试验数据验证了该模型对温度和应变率下FRP复合材料抗拉强度的预测，预测精度与现有经验模型相当。基于该模型，进一步分析了温度和应变速率对拉伸强度的影响机理，揭示了强度退化行为。该研究促进了对FRP复合材料多场耦合破坏的理解，并为极端温度和应变速率下的强度预测提供了良好的理论方法。研究结果为FRP复合材料结构在变温动载作用下的安全设计和可靠性评估提供了理论依据。

Composites Part B: Engineering

TiO2 nanowhiskers functionalized with organic-inorganic hybrid SiO2 coating for reinforcing PEEK: A dual-pronged strategy to develop nanocomposites with enhanced stiffness, strength, toughness and osteogenesis for load-bearing implant

Yankun Gong, Yucheng Zhu, Juan Chen, Haijun Fan, Fan Yang, Zitian Zheng, Peng Liu, Yanfen Ding, Dong Qiu, Hongjie Huang, Mingshu Yang

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2026.113790

用有机-无机杂化SiO2涂层修饰的TiO2纳米晶须增强PEEK：一种双管齐下的策略来开发具有增强刚度、强度、韧性和成骨性的承重植入物纳米复合材料

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) used in load-bearing orthopedic implants faced limitations in mechanical strength and osteogenic activity. Current reinforcement strategies still faced dilemma, including: fiber incorporation resulted in compromised osteogenicity and antibacterial property; bulk modification with bioactive fillers faced dramatically reduced strength and toughness; surface modification with bioactive coatings encountered lack of mechanical enhancement and coating delamination, leaving the clinical potential of PEEK unmet. Herein, we reported a multifunctional bioactive shell coated whisker-reinforcing strategy: a novel titanium dioxide nanowhisker coated with amino-functionalized organic-inorganic hybrid silica shell (CRT) designed for reinforcing PEEK to simultaneously achieve enhanced stiffness, toughness and cortical bone-matching modulus, alongside improved osteogenic properties. The high aspect ratio of CRT endowed the resulting composite with enhanced rigidity, strength and impact toughness. The diamino-containing organic moiety within the hybrid shell enhanced compatibility and interfacial adhesion with the PEEK matrix, further improving its strength and impact toughness. Moreover, incorporation of CRT with a hybrid shell efficiently promoted the osseointegration of PEEK nanocomposites, which can be attributed to the following mechanis m: i) the synergistic effect of silanol groups and diamino-containing organic moiety on osteogenesis; ii) the coupling effect of osteogenesis and angiogenesis, with angiogenesis originating from diamino-containing organic moiety. This material may offer a promising solution to critical issues in PEEK load-bearing implant materials, such as postoperative loosening and poor bone integration following implantation.

聚醚醚酮（PEEK）用于承重骨科植入物在机械强度和成骨活性方面存在局限性。目前的加固策略仍然面临困境，包括：纤维掺入导致成骨性和抗菌性受损；生物活性填料的体改性面临强度和韧性显著降低的问题；生物活性涂层的表面改性遇到了缺乏机械增强和涂层分层，使PEEK的临床潜力未得到满足。在此，我们报道了一种多功能生物活性外壳涂层晶须增强策略：一种新型的二氧化钛纳米晶须涂覆氨基功能化有机-无机杂化二氧化硅外壳（CRT），旨在增强PEEK，同时实现增强的刚度，韧性和皮质骨匹配模量，以及改善的成骨性能。阴极射线管的高纵横比使复合材料具有更高的刚性、强度和冲击韧性。杂化壳内的含二氨基有机部分增强了与PEEK基体的相容性和界面附着力，进一步提高了其强度和冲击韧性。此外，CRT与杂化壳的结合有效地促进了PEEK纳米复合材料的骨整合，其机制可归因于以下机制：1)硅烷醇基团和含二胺的有机部分对成骨的协同作用；Ii)成骨和血管生成的耦合效应，血管生成源于含二氨基的有机片段。该材料可能为PEEK承重植入材料的关键问题提供了一个有希望的解决方案，例如植入后的术后松动和骨整合不良。

Flame retardant phase-change polyurethane foam enabled by co-foamed erythritol and carbon-based coating

Hyesu Yang, Wondu Lee, Taeyun Hwang, Sangwoo Kim, Pei-Chen Su, Jooheon Kim

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2026.113789

由赤藓糖醇和碳基涂层共同发泡而成的阻燃相变聚氨酯泡沫

Latent heat-based thermal buffering materials are attractive for advanced thermal management systems because they can delay temperature rise by absorbing heat during phase transition. However, the practical application of phase change material (PCM)-enabled polymer foams remains challenging because of PCM leakage, structural instability during melting, and insufficient flame resistance. In this study, a flame-retardant phase-change polyurethane foam was developed by incorporating erythritol (ET) into rigid polyurethane through a co-foaming process, followed by the formation of an external epoxy coating containing a flame-retardant carbon filler. The co-foaming route was designed to promote more stable incorporation of ET within the PU matrix through chemical interaction with the surrounding polymer network, thereby suppressing leakage and improving phase-change stability compared with conventional impregnation. The prepared materials were systematically characterized in terms of phase structure, latent heat storage behavior, thermal transport, leakage resistance, and flame-retardant performance. The resulting coated ET/PU composite foam exhibited a latent heat of 64.5 J/g and a thermal conductivity of 0.075 W/mK, while also showing no dripping behavior during UL-94 vertical burning tests. These results demonstrate that the combined strategy of stabilized ET incorporation and flame-retardant surface protection provides an effective route toward leakage-resistant and flame-retardant PCM foams for thermal management applications.

基于潜热的热缓冲材料在先进的热管理系统中很有吸引力，因为它们可以通过在相变过程中吸收热量来延缓温度上升。然而，相变材料（PCM）聚合物泡沫的实际应用仍然具有挑战性，因为PCM泄漏，熔化过程中的结构不稳定以及阻燃性不足。在本研究中，通过共发泡工艺将赤四糖醇（ET）掺入硬质聚氨酯中，然后形成含有阻燃碳填料的外环氧涂层，开发了一种阻燃相变聚氨酯泡沫。设计共发泡路线是为了通过与周围聚合物网络的化学相互作用，促进ET在PU基体中更稳定地掺入，从而与常规浸渍相比，抑制泄漏并提高相变稳定性。对制备的材料进行了相结构、潜热储存性能、热传输性能、防泄漏性能和阻燃性能的系统表征。所得包覆的ET/PU复合泡沫的潜热为64.5 J/g，导热系数为0.075 W/mK，在UL-94垂直燃烧测试中也没有滴落行为。这些结果表明，稳定ET掺入和阻燃表面保护的组合策略为热管理应用的防泄漏和阻燃PCM泡沫提供了有效的途径。

Strength-ductility synergy effects in titanium matrix composites reinforced with Fe3O4-coated graphene

Qi Yan, Biao Chen, Jinlun Yang, Qiang Gao, Xinyi Zhou, Jinshan Li, Wen Feng Lu, Wai Sze Yip, Hao Wang, Suet To

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2026.113763

fe3o4包覆石墨烯增强钛基复合材料的强度-延性协同效应

Loss of toughness in titanium matrix composites (TMCs) is often inevitable, as strength enhancement typically comes at the expense of ductility, especially for brittle ceramic reinforcements induced by interfacial chemical reaction. To fully exploit the strengthening potential of nanocarbons in TMCs and maintain ductility, it is critical to mitigate the in-situ reactions between nanocarbons and titanium. This study proposes an inspired strategy by reinforcing Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) matrix with graphene oxide (GO) decorated with Fe3O4 nanocrystals (Fe3O4@GO/Ti64). This design achieves 41.8% improvement in toughness, with simultaneously enhanced strength and elongation, compared to that of Ti64 alloy. Uniform Fe3O4 coatings ( ∼ 20 nm) were distributed on the GO surface and subsequently consumed during consolidation via reaction with the Ti matrix, thereby preserving GO. Microstructural a nalysis of plastic deformation revealed that elongation was primarily attributed to the dislocation slip bands, grain boundary sliding and twins, while the in-situ TiC inhibited slip-band motion. The estimated strengthening factors illustrated that solid-solution strengthening dominated the enhanced strength in all composites. Furthermore, the Fe3O4@GO/Ti64 composites exhibited significantly enhanced load transfer effects compared with GO/Ti64, due to the Fe3O4 modificative coatings. These findings underscore the crucial role of interfacial decoration and solid-solution mechanis ms in improving the overall mechanical performance of the TMCs, while also highlighting their economic and environmental potential in lightweight metallic design.

钛基复合材料（tmc）的韧性损失通常是不可避免的，因为强度的增强通常是以牺牲延展性为代价的，特别是由界面化学反应引起的脆性陶瓷增强材料。为了充分发挥纳米碳在tmc中的强化潜力并保持其延展性，减轻纳米碳与钛之间的原位反应是至关重要的。本研究提出了一种受启发的策略，即用Fe3O4纳米晶体修饰的氧化石墨烯（GO）增强Ti-6Al-4V （Ti64）基体（Fe3O4@GO/Ti64）。与Ti64合金相比，该设计的韧性提高了41.8%，同时增强了强度和伸长率。均匀的Fe3O4涂层（~ 20 nm）分布在氧化石墨烯表面，随后通过与Ti基体的反应在固结过程中消耗，从而保存氧化石墨烯。塑性变形的显微组织分析表明，伸长率主要由位错滑移带、晶界滑移和孪晶引起，而原位TiC抑制滑移带运动。结果表明，复合材料的强度增强以固溶强化为主。此外，与GO/Ti64相比，Fe3O4@GO/Ti64复合材料表现出明显增强的载荷传递效应，这是由于Fe3O4改性涂层的缘故。这些发现强调了界面装饰和固溶机制在改善tmc整体力学性能方面的关键作用，同时也强调了它们在轻量化金属设计中的经济和环境潜力。

Composites Science and Technology

A Deep Learning Framework Enabling Rapid Stress Field Prediction and Damage Area Characterization for Double-Double Laminates

Dingcheng Ji, Wenhao Li, Yi Xiong, Jing Lin

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111692

双-双层压板快速应力场预测和损伤区域表征的深度学习框架

Accurate stress field prediction and failure zone characterization are crucial for the efficient design of laminated composites, particularly when geometric discontinuities such as open holes induce strong stress concentrations. This study introduces a deep learning framework, termed Conditional-Attention U-Net (C-AUNet), for high-fidelity stress field reconstruction and failure zone characterization in double-double (DD) composite laminates. The key innovation lies in embedding the laminate’s ABD stiffness matrices, loading force conditions, and geometric configurations directly into the network’s latent space. This strategy enables the model to encode mechanical properties without explicitly handling multiple physical parameters. An attention-gate mechanis m is further incorporated to suppress irrelevant responses and highlight mechanically relevant features, while a weighted loss function emphasizes regions near hole edges where steep stress gradients and failure initiation occur. Quantitative results show that C-AUNet consistently outperforms the baseline C-UNet across all stress components. The weighted loss function is shown to be effective in enhancing prediction fidelity in stress concentration regions. Attention coefficient an alysis reveals a progressive refinement of spatial focus from global to local regions across network layers, aligning with physical stress redistribution mechanis ms and enhancing interpretability. The framework demonstrates strong generalization capability for stress prediction under various stacking sequence combinations. C-AUNet achieves substantial gains in different evaluation metrics relative to C-UNet for failure zone prediction while employing TsaiWu and TsaiHill failure criteria. Overall, the proposed method offers a unified, interpretable, and extensible platform for stress field reconstruction and failure an alysis in DD composite laminates.

准确的应力场预测和破坏区表征对于层合复合材料的有效设计至关重要，特别是当几何不连续（如开孔）引起强应力集中时。本研究引入了一种深度学习框架，称为条件注意U-Net (C-AUNet)，用于双双（DD）复合材料层合板的高保真应力场重建和失效区表征。关键创新在于将层压板的ABD刚度矩阵、加载力条件和几何构型直接嵌入到网络的潜在空间中。这种策略使模型能够在不显式处理多个物理参数的情况下对力学特性进行编码。此外，还引入了注意力门机制来抑制不相关的响应并突出机械相关的特征，而加权损失函数则强调靠近井眼边缘的区域，在那里会发生陡峭的应力梯度和破坏。定量结果表明，C-UNet在所有应力分量上的表现都优于基准C-UNet。加权损失函数可有效提高应力集中区域的预测保真度。注意系数分析揭示了网络层间空间焦点从全局到局部的逐步细化，符合物理应力再分配机制，增强了可解释性。该框架对各种叠加序列组合下的应力预测具有较强的泛化能力。在使用TsaiWu和TsaiHill失效准则时，C-AUNet在不同的评估指标上相对于C-UNet在故障区预测方面取得了实质性的进步。总之，该方法为DD复合材料层合板的应力场重建和失效分析提供了一个统一的、可解释的、可扩展的平台。