【新文速递】2025年9月11日固体力学SCI期刊最新文章

今日更新：International Journal of Solids and Structures 2 篇，Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 1 篇，Mechanics of Materials 1 篇，International Journal of Plasticity 1 篇，Thin-Walled Structures 9 篇International Journal of Solids and StructuresEfficient virtual element modeling of the bending failure in BCC lattice sandwich panels manufactured by L-PBFMarco Lo Cascio, Gaetano Pollara, Dina Palmeri, Gianluca Buffa, Alberto Milazzo, Livan Fratinidoi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113567 L-PBF制造的BCC点阵夹芯板弯曲破坏的有效虚拟元建模Lattice structures are gaining increasing interest in the aerospace field thanks to their promising applications. They can be used in metal sandwich panels as a core to reduce weight and provide additional functions to the structure. Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) represents one of the best solutions to manufacture metal structures when high resolution is required. Finite element-based simulations of lattice structures’ complex geometry require an extremely fine mesh, leading to prohibitively high computational costs and making the finite element model impractical for analysis. The Virtual Element Method (VEM) is a recently developed numerical technique that provides several advantages over the traditional finite element method. These advantages include the capability to manage complex geometries accurately, enhanced performance with distorted meshes, and increased flexibility in mesh generation. This paper introduces a novel and computationally efficient numerical approach that combines a non-linear Virtual Element Method formulation and equivalent two-dimensional modeling to predict the bending failure of Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) lattice sandwich panels fabricated via L-PBF. To validate and illustrate the effectiveness and potential of the proposed approach, numerical results are compared with experimental observations. For this purpose, a range of specimen configurations featuring different unit cell sizes and beam radius values were produced and tested. The findings reveal a strong alignment between the numerical predictions and experimental data and provide valuable insights into the failure mechanisms involved.晶格结构由于其良好的应用前景，在航空航天领域引起了越来越多的兴趣。它们可以用作金属夹心板的核心，以减轻重量并为结构提供额外的功能。激光粉末床熔融（L-PBF）是制造高分辨率金属结构的最佳解决方案之一。基于有限元的网格结构的复杂几何模拟需要一个非常精细的网格，导致过高的计算成本，使有限元模型无法进行分析。虚拟元法（VEM）是近年来发展起来的一种数值计算技术，与传统的有限元方法相比具有许多优点。这些优点包括精确管理复杂几何形状的能力，扭曲网格的性能增强，网格生成的灵活性增加。本文介绍了一种新颖的、计算效率高的数值方法，该方法将非线性虚元法和等效二维模型相结合，用于预测由L-PBF制成的体心立方（BCC）晶格夹层板的弯曲破坏。为了验证和说明该方法的有效性和潜力，将数值结果与实验结果进行了比较。为此，生产和测试了一系列具有不同单元尺寸和光束半径值的样品配置。研究结果揭示了数值预测和实验数据之间的强烈一致性，并为所涉及的失效机制提供了有价值的见解。Rigid- and flat-foldable grid origami structure exhibiting bifurcation of mechanism in non-flat stateKentaro Hayakawa, Makoto Ohsakidoi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113520 刚性和可平折网格折纸结构在非平状态下具有分支机构This study investigates a novel origami-based flat-foldable structure for its rigid-folding mechanism and elastic deformation using two models: a panel-pin model and a finite element model. The entire proposed structure consists of unit structures arranged in a grid pattern on a plane. Each unit is a ring of eight right-angled isosceles triangular panels connected by hinges. The single unit has the same configuration as a single layer of the well-known Yoshimura tube. The infinitesimal mechanism analysis of the structure using a panel-pin model with the three units in both grid directions reveals that the proposed structure exhibits a single-degree-of-freedom mechanism except in the flat-folded states and a single isolated non-flat singular state where the rigid-folding mechanism bifurcates. Notably, the bifurcated mechanism in the non-flat singular state is only a first-order infinitesimal mechanism and cannot lead to a finite mechanism. By contrast, the stiffness in the direction of this bifurcated mechanism, investigated through the eigenvalue analysis of the tangent stiffness matrix of the panel-pin model, is the smallest among those in the directions of eigenmodes. This is also confirmed in the natural frequency analysis of the finite element model consisting of shell and hinge elements. Furthermore, the uniform panel thickness can be simply assigned to the proposed structure, and the single-degree-of-freedom rigid-folding mechanism is consistent in the presence of any panel thickness. These distinctive properties offer promising potential for innovative deployable, morphing, and bending active structures.本文采用面板-销模型和有限元模型研究了一种新型折纸平面可折叠结构的刚性折叠机理和弹性变形。整个提出的结构由在平面上以网格模式排列的单元结构组成。每个单元是由八个直角等腰三角形面板组成的环，由铰链连接。单个单元具有与著名的吉村管的单层相同的配置。利用两个网格方向上均有三个单元的面板-销模型对结构进行了无限小的机构分析，结果表明，该结构除在平面折叠状态外均表现为单一自由度机构，并且在刚性折叠机制分叉的单一孤立非平面奇异状态下表现为单一自由度机构。值得注意的是，非平坦奇异状态下的分岔机构只是一阶无穷小机构，不能导致有限机构。相比之下，通过对面板销模型的切向刚度矩阵的特征值分析，该分支机构在本征模态方向上的刚度最小。这在由壳单元和铰单元组成的有限元模型的固有频率分析中也得到证实。此外，可以简单地将均匀的面板厚度分配给所提出的结构，并且在任何面板厚度存在时，单自由度刚性折叠机制是一致的。这些独特的特性为创新的可展开、变形和弯曲主动结构提供了巨大的潜力。Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of SolidsMorphological Evolution and Instability of Microvoids Governed by Competing Surface and Bulk DiffusionPing Yang, Yilun Xu, Wanghui Li, Yong-Wei Zhang, Pengyang Zhaodoi:10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106294竞争表面和体扩散控制下微孔的形态演化和不稳定性Understanding diffusion-controlled void growth at the nanoscale under extreme environments (e.g., high temperatures, irradiation) is crucial for predicting failure in metallic materials. We develop a micromechanical model that integrates surface diffusion, bulk diffusion, and heterogeneous stress fields to capture the growth, morphological evolution and coalescence of microvoids. The model is validated against well-established analytical solutions, demonstrating high reliability and accuracy. Using this model, we explore the competitive interplay between surface diffusion and bulk diffusion in governing void shape stability and transitions. Our findings reveal that surface diffusion promotes stable, circular or elliptical morphologies, whereas bulk diffusion, especially under heterogeneous stress, induces anisotropic growth and morphological instabilities. As voids grow, the influence of surface diffusion diminishes, facilitating the formation of increasingly complex void shapes. Void coalescence behavior further reflects this interplay: in the absence of inter-void vacancy sources, bulk diffusion alone is insufficient to drive coalescence due to shielding effect on vacancy concentration gradient at inter-void region. In contrast, surface diffusion facilitates void coalescence, with rates increasing alongside surface diffusivity. When surface diffusion is substantially weaker than bulk diffusion, void growth becomes inherently unstable, and minor surface perturbations can trigger the nucleation of micro-cracks. These findings show excellent agreement with existing experimental results. Overall, this study provides a mechanistic understanding of diffusion-controlled void evolution and offers valuable insights into damage precursors in metals subjected to extreme environments.了解极端环境（如高温、辐照）下纳米尺度的扩散控制孔洞生长对于预测金属材料的失效至关重要。我们开发了一个微观力学模型，该模型集成了表面扩散、体扩散和非均质应力场，以捕捉微孔的生长、形态演化和聚并。该模型与已建立的分析解进行了验证，证明了较高的可靠性和准确性。利用该模型，我们探索了表面扩散和体扩散在控制空洞形状稳定性和转变方面的竞争性相互作用。我们的研究结果表明，表面扩散促进稳定，圆形或椭圆形的形态，而体扩散，特别是在非均质应力下，诱导各向异性生长和形态不稳定。随着空隙的增大，表面扩散的影响减小，有利于形成越来越复杂的空隙形状。空洞聚结行为进一步反映了这种相互作用：在没有空隙间空位源的情况下，由于空隙间空位浓度梯度的屏蔽作用，仅靠体扩散不足以驱动聚结。相反，表面扩散促进了空洞的合并，其速率随着表面扩散率的增加而增加。当表面扩散明显弱于体扩散时，孔洞生长变得不稳定，微小的表面扰动可以触发微裂纹的形核。这些发现与已有的实验结果非常吻合。总的来说，这项研究提供了对扩散控制的空洞演化的机制理解，并为极端环境下金属的损伤前体提供了有价值的见解。Mechanics of MaterialsProcess-induced residual stress in non-crimp fabric composites: Experimental and numerical evaluation considering viscoelasticitySera Koo, Yamato Hoshikawa, Yoshiaki Kawagoe, Kazuki Ryuzono, Tomonaga Okabedoi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105423 非卷曲织物复合材料的过程诱导残余应力：考虑粘弹性的实验和数值评估Non-crimp fabric (NCF) composites exhibit unique defects owing to their heterogeneous internal structure. These defects include manufacturing-induced fiber waviness and resin gaps caused by fiber tows stitched together with yarns. This study introduces viscoelastic bi-scale modeling to predict process-induced residual stress in NCF composites with epoxy (thermosetting) and PA6 (thermoplastic) resins. The prediction is performed using the time–temperature-dependent properties obtained from dynamic mechanical and thermomechanical analysis tests of the target resins. In the micro-scale, the finite element analysis (FEA) incorporating viscoelastic constitutive law was applied to a periodic unit cell model at the fiber/matrix level to obtain homogenized unidirectional lamina properties. The extracted lamina properties were passed to the macro-scale FEA model to simulate the processing of a cross-ply laminate. The proposed modeling reflected the resin gaps in the NCF to capture in-plane stress localization. The curing (chemical) and thermal responses during processing were analyzed, with viscoelasticity-induced stress relaxation integrated during the cooling process. The proposed method was validated by fabricating a cross-ply laminate of the NCF composite with both resin types and visualizing their respective warpage curvatures, which correlated with the residual stress. The FEA reproduced the measured curvatures well and demonstrated localized residual stress distribution. The findings thus underscore the development of residual stress and its viscoelasticity-induced relaxation in predicting the residual stress of NCF composites with appropriate consideration of heterogeneities.非卷曲织物（NCF）复合材料由于其内部结构不均匀而表现出独特的缺陷。这些缺陷包括制造引起的纤维波纹和纤维束与纱线缝合在一起引起的树脂间隙。本研究引入粘弹性双尺度模型来预测环氧树脂（热固性）和PA6（热塑性）NCF复合材料的工艺诱导残余应力。该预测是利用从目标树脂的动态力学和热力学分析测试中获得的时间-温度依赖特性进行的。在微观尺度上，将结合粘弹性本构律的有限元分析（FEA）应用于纤维/基体水平的周期单元胞模型，获得均匀的单向层状特性。将提取的层压板性能传递到宏观有限元模型中，以模拟交叉层合板的加工过程。所提出的模型反映了NCF中的树脂间隙，以捕获面内应力局部化。分析了加工过程中的固化（化学）和热响应，并在冷却过程中集成了粘弹性引起的应力松弛。 通过制备两种树脂类型的NCF复合材料的交叉层合板，并观察其各自的翘曲曲率与残余应力的关系，验证了所提出的方法。有限元分析较好地再现了实测曲率，并显示了局部残余应力分布。因此，研究结果强调了残余应力的发展及其粘弹性诱导松弛在预测NCF复合材料残余应力时应适当考虑非均质性。International Journal of PlasticityHigh strain rate Bauschinger response of 6061-T6 Aluminum alloyBing Du, Yazhou Guo, Yi Ding, Muhammad Atif, Jian Li, Xue Yang, Yulong Lidoi:10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.1044226061-T6铝合金的高应变速率包辛格响应This research aims to explore the Bauschinger effect (BE) of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy under different loading rates and pre-strains. Compression-tension experiments were conducted using a modified electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system (ESHB) within the strain rate of 800 s-1 and pre-strain range of 1%-9%. High-speed photography and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technology were employed to measure the strain. The experimental results show that under quasi-static loading, the BE intensifies with the increase of pre-strain until it reaches 3%, at which the BE parameter reaches saturation gradually. Under dynamic loading, the BE parameter goes up rapidly before 2% pre-strain and then reduces continuously as pre-strain increases. The differences of BE between quasi-static and dynamic loading were investigated by microstructural analysis. The non-monotonic back stress under dynamic loading arises from competition between dynamic strain aging (DSA) enhanced solute pinning at low pre-strains and irreversible dislocation cutting precipitates at high pre-strains. The suppressed thermal activation stabilizes these substructures through inhibited cross-slip/climb. Based on the experimental results, a strain-rate dependent Armstrong-Frederick (SAF) model and a physical based (PB) model are proposed. Compared with the traditional Johnson-Cook (JC) model, these two models can describe more accurately the behavior of the material under dynamic cyclic loading, providing effective tools for material performance optimization and engineering applications.本研究旨在探讨6061-T6铝合金在不同加载速率和预应变下的包辛格效应。在应变速率为800 s-1，预应变范围为1% ~ 9%的条件下，采用改进的电磁霍普金森杆系统（ESHB）进行压缩拉伸实验。采用高速摄影和数字图像相关（DIC）技术测量应变。实验结果表明，在准静态加载下，随着预应变的增加，BE参数逐渐增强，直至达到3%，此时BE参数逐渐达到饱和。动载荷作用下，在2%预应变前，BE参数迅速上升，随着预应变的增加，BE参数持续下降。通过显微组织分析，研究了准静态加载和动态加载对BE的影响。动加载下的非单调背应力是由低预应变下动态应变时效（DSA）增强的溶质钉钉与高预应变下不可逆位错切削相的竞争引起的。抑制的热激活通过抑制交叉滑移/爬升来稳定这些亚结构。在此基础上，提出了应变率相关的Armstrong-Frederick （SAF）模型和基于物理的PB模型。与传统的Johnson-Cook （JC）模型相比，这两种模型可以更准确地描述材料在动态循环载荷下的行为，为材料性能优化和工程应用提供了有效的工具。Thin-Walled StructuresExperimental study of full-field postbuckling strains in cylindrical shells under axial compression using multi-3D DICV. Ravulapalli, G. Raju, M. Ramji, V. Narayanamurthydoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113644轴压作用下圆柱壳屈曲后场应变的多三维DIC实验研究The buckling behavior of thin cylindrical shells under axial compression follows a deformation process that transitions the shell from a single dimpled state to a periodic mode shape. This process is strongly influenced by geometrical and loading imperfections, which are inherently stochastic. As a result, the uncertainty in the location of the initiation of the dimple complicates the placement of conventional strain gauges to measure critical strains. Multi-3D digital image correlation (DIC), a non-contact full-field technique, aids in overcoming these challenges and provides full-field spatiotemporal information on strains. However, the intricate challenges in the DIC setup and selection of post-processing parameters result in undesirable artifacts in the strain measurements. Hence, this work proposes a post-processing methodology based on the inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm and Fourier series approximation to eliminate the artifacts in the full-field displacements measured by a multi-DIC setup. In addition, these measurements are combined with Sander-Koiter kinematics to obtain the full-field nonlinear strain fields during the buckling and post-buckling of cylindrical shells. 3D-printed cylindrical shells with and without circular cutouts are tested under axial compression, and the strain distributions on the shell are successfully captured employing the proposed methodology. Moreover, the methodology helps decoupling the membrane and bending strains, which helps to understand the mechanics behind the localizations to improve the design of lightweight structures.薄圆柱壳在轴向压缩下的屈曲行为遵循一个由单韧窝状态转变为周期模态的变形过程。这一过程受到几何缺陷和载荷缺陷的强烈影响，这些缺陷本身就是随机的。因此，在凹窝起始位置的不确定性使传统应变片测量临界应变的位置复杂化。多三维数字图像相关技术（DIC）作为一种非接触式全场技术，有助于克服这些挑战，提供应变的全场时空信息。然而，DIC设置和后处理参数选择的复杂挑战导致应变测量中的不良伪影。因此，本研究提出了一种基于逆距离加权插值算法和傅立叶级数近似的后处理方法，以消除由多dic装置测量的全场位移中的伪影。此外，将这些测量结果与Sander-Koiter运动学相结合，得到了圆柱壳屈曲和后屈曲过程中的全场非线性应变场。在轴向压缩条件下，对具有和不具有圆形切口的3d打印圆柱壳进行了测试，采用所提出的方法成功地捕获了壳体上的应变分布。此外，该方法有助于解耦膜和弯曲应变，这有助于理解定位背后的力学，以改进轻量化结构的设计。Performance Assessment and Design of Multi-Storey Cold-Formed Steel Frames with Strap-Braced Wall Panels in Seismic RegionsMuhammed Cosut, Sarmad Shakeel, Seyed Mohammad Mojtabaei, Ioannis Papargyriou, Iman Hajirasoulihadoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113706多层冷弯型钢框架带筋墙板抗震性能评估与设计The application of cold-formed steel (CFS) wall-panel systems in high-seismic regions remains limited because of their susceptibility to premature buckling, leading to reduced ductility and energy dissipation. Moreover, current codes do not provide a unified approach for seismic design of these systems due to the limited understanding of their complex nonlinear behaviour under earthquake excitations. To address these gaps, this paper presents a comprehensive study on the seismic performance assessment and design of multi-storey CFS frames with strap-braced wall panels, considering various design scenarios. Detailed non-linear Finite element (FE) models of the CFS strap-braced wall panels were first developed in Abaqus and validated against experimental data under both monotonic and cyclic loads. Using the validated FE models, it was shown that increasing gravity load levels gradually reduced the lateral strength and ductility of the wall panels designed according to different scenarios. Subsequently, 3- and 6-storey CFS frames were designed according to Eurocode 8 with different behaviour factors ( q =1.5, 2.5, 4) and modelled in OpenSees utilising equivalent models validated against Abaqus FE results. Non-linear dynamic analyses were then conducted under spectrum-compatible real and synthetic earthquake records corresponding to the Immediate-Occupancy (IO), Life-Safety (LS), and Collapse-Prevention (CP) performance levels. It was shown that the frames designed with q =2.5 generally provide the most balanced design, considering structural weight, inter-storey drift and ductility demands across all performance objectives. Through incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), it was also confirmed that using q =2.5 results in considerably lower global damage under a wide range of earthquake intensity levels.冷弯型钢（CFS）墙板系统在高震区的应用受到限制，因为它们容易过早屈曲，导致延性和能量耗散降低。此外，由于对这些系统在地震激励下的复杂非线性行为的理解有限，目前的规范并没有为这些系统的抗震设计提供统一的方法。为了解决这些差距，本文综合研究了带带支撑墙板的多层CFS框架的抗震性能评估和设计，考虑了各种设计方案。首先在Abaqus中建立了CFS带状支撑墙板的详细非线性有限元模型，并根据单调和循环荷载下的实验数据进行了验证。通过验证的有限元模型表明，随着重力荷载水平的增加，不同情景下设计的墙板的侧向强度和延性逐渐降低。随后，根据欧洲规范8设计了3层和6层CFS框架，具有不同的行为因素（q =1.5, 2.5, 4），并利用针对Abaqus FE结果验证的等效模型在OpenSees中建模。然后在光谱兼容的真实和合成地震记录下进行非线性动态分析，这些记录对应于立即占用（IO）、生命安全（LS）和防止崩溃（CP）的性能水平。结果表明，考虑到所有性能目标的结构重量、层间漂移和延性要求，采用q =2.5设计的框架通常提供最平衡的设计。通过增量动力分析（IDA），也证实了在大范围的地震烈度等级下，使用q =2.5可以大大降低整体损失。The effect of the tensile to compressive strength ratio on the crack patterns of brittle hemispherical thin shellsSiwen Cao, András A. Siposdoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113707抗拉强度比对脆性半球形薄壳裂纹形态的影响The limited tensile strength of widely used construction materials determines the damage mechanism of brittle, thin shells and manifests in rich cracking patterns even under quasi-static loading. As new materials appear in building and civil engineering, the effect of tensile strength is worthy of study as, in many cases, the vanishing tensile capacity assumption is not realistic anymore. Here, we report on numerical and experimental investigations of crack evolution in brittle hemispherical domes with varying tensile capacities. We show that beyond the tensile strength, the area of distributed loading also affects the emerging crack pattern. While the tensile strength can be arbitrarily varied in the numerical simulations, the performed uniaxial loading tests demonstrate that the numerical results are realistic. Our results show that the ratio of the tensile and compressive strength and the loading area significantly affects the emerging cracking pattern; specifically, a rich pattern of inverted V-shaped cracks occurs between the classical meridional pattern and the localized failure around the dome cap.广泛使用的建筑材料有限的抗拉强度决定了脆性薄壳的损伤机理，即使在准静态载荷下也表现出丰富的开裂模式。随着新材料在建筑和土木工程中的出现，抗拉强度的影响值得研究，因为在很多情况下，抗拉能力消失的假设不再是现实的。在这里，我们报告了具有不同拉伸能力的脆性半球形圆顶的裂纹演化的数值和实验研究。我们发现，除了抗拉强度之外，分布载荷的面积也会影响裂纹模式的出现。虽然数值模拟中的抗拉强度可以任意变化，但进行的单轴加载试验表明，数值模拟结果是真实的。结果表明：抗拉、抗压强度比和加载面积对开裂形态有显著影响；具体来说，在经典的子午破坏模式和圆顶帽周围的局部破坏模式之间出现了丰富的倒v型裂缝模式。Bistability of the square deep dome and energy dissipation of its multistable metamaterialsZhuangzhuang Li, Xuelin Li, Yue Zhou, Zonglai Mo, Jun Lidoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113708方形深穹窿的双稳性及其多稳性超材料的能量耗散Bistable mechanisms and multistable metamaterials exploiting elastic instability such as curved beams and domes, have been widely studied, yet prior studies primarily focus on configurations with lower height-to-span ratios (h/l) to avoid material yield. Employing elastomers as the matrix material for bistable structures can effectively prevent yield failure under large deformations, enabling the fabrication of bistable units with a high h/l, which improves the unit density and thereby enhances the local stability of metamaterials. In this study, using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as the base material, parametric studies on the mechanical behavior of square deep domes with high h/l were conducted by combining experimental and finite element methods. A multistable metamaterial consisting of square deep domes was proposed, with material hyper-viscoelasticity taken into consideration, the multistable response and energy dissipation performance under cyclic loading were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the bistability of domes with high h/l becomes sensitive to span variations. Multistable metamaterials composed of viscoelastic deep domes can achieve significant energy dissipation even with a small number of serially connected units. A predictive model for the multistable response of deep domes was developed, allowing rapid prediction of energy dissipation capacities for multistable metamaterials with serially connected units.双稳态机制和多稳态超材料利用弹性不稳定性，如弯曲梁和圆顶，已经被广泛研究，但先前的研究主要集中在较低的高跨比（h/l）配置，以避免材料屈服。采用弹性体作为双稳结构的基体材料，可以有效地防止大变形下的屈服破坏，可以制造出高h/l的双稳单元，提高了单元密度，从而增强了超材料的局部稳定性。本研究以热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）为基材，采用实验与有限元相结合的方法，对高h/l方形深穹顶的力学行为进行了参数化研究。提出了一种由深方形穹顶构成的多稳态超材料，考虑了材料的超粘弹性，系统研究了其在循环荷载作用下的多稳态响应和能量耗散性能。结果表明，高h/l穹顶的双稳性对跨度变化较为敏感。由粘弹性深穹窿组成的多稳态超材料即使采用少量串联单元也能实现显著的能量耗散。建立了深穹窿多稳态响应预测模型，可快速预测具有串联单元的多稳态超材料的能量耗散能力。A multi-physics field similarity analysis method for thin-walled composite plates based on potential energy component contributionHanqing Zhang, Yujie Han, Hang Li, Jian Lidoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113709基于势能分量贡献的薄壁复合材料多物理场相似度分析方法Full-scale experiments on thin-walled composite structures in service environments are costly, risky, and time-consuming, so that many engineering fields have used similitude method to design scaled-down model tests. However, traditional similitude methods are difficult to deal with similitude distortion problem caused by multiple distortion factors including size and environmental changes. The aim of this study is to propose a new similitude method to correct the similitude distortion problem and to establish the corresponding similitude model for thin-walled composite plates under different external environments. The focus of attention in this method is not on the scale factors of the basic variables such as the size factor and the environmental variable factor. Rather, the contribution of each potential energy component scale factor covering the scale factors of the basic variables to the total potential energy scale factor is considered from an energy perspective. Through case studies, similitude model of thin-walled composite plates under varying temperature, humidity, hygrothermal or rotational conditions are discussed, respectively. The results show that the proposed method can well predict the dynamic properties of thin-walled composite plates under different external environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity, rotational speed, and hygrothermal conditions. In addition, the proposed method shows better average prediction accuracy and stability in dealing with similitude distortion problem containing multiple distortion factors compared with those of existing methods.薄壁复合材料结构在服役环境下的全尺寸试验成本高、风险大、耗时长，因此许多工程领域都采用相似法设计按比例缩小的模型试验。然而，传统的相似方法难以处理由尺寸和环境变化等多种畸变因素引起的相似畸变问题。本研究的目的是提出一种新的相似方法来纠正相似畸变问题，并建立不同外部环境下薄壁复合材料板的相似模型。该方法关注的重点不在规模因素、环境变量等基本变量的尺度因素上。而是从能量的角度考虑涵盖基本变量尺度因子的各个势能分量尺度因子对总势能尺度因子的贡献。通过实例研究，分别讨论了不同温度、湿度、湿热和转动条件下薄壁复合材料板的相似模型。结果表明，该方法可以较好地预测薄壁复合材料板在不同外部环境条件下的动态性能，包括温度、湿度、转速和湿热条件。此外，与现有方法相比，该方法在处理包含多个畸变因素的相似畸变问题时具有更好的平均预测精度和稳定性。Acoustic emission technique for damage identification of large-scale CFRP tubes under complex damage mechanismsTianjiao Li, Deshen Chen, Hongrui Lin, Siqiang Tian, Hongliang Qiandoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113712复杂损伤机制下大型CFRP管损伤识别的声发射技术The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of acoustic emission (AE) detection technology applied in damage identification of large-scale, complex-layup carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) components. Two sets of CFRP tubes were designed and subjected to full-scale axial compression tests. The collected AE signals were clustered using pattern recognition techniques. A total of six algorithms—k-means, hierarchical, self-organizing mapping (SOM) + k-means, principal component analysis (PCA) + k-means, SOM + hierarchical, and PCA + hierarchical—were compared in terms of their clustering efficacy. The results illustrated that PCA + k-means has the best performance in clustering. Four damage mechanisms—matrix cracking, fiber-matrix debonding, delamination, and fiber failure—can be efficiently identified. By analyzing the typical parameters of AE signals based on the clustering results, it was determined that peak frequency and energy are the most effective for damage identification. The four damage types were characterized by frequency bands of 0-50 kHz (matrix cracking), 75-125 kHz (delamination), and 150-250 kHz (debonding), and energy greater than 104 μvolt-sec (fiber failure). Using the AE technique with a suitable clustering method is an effective tool for the health monitoring of composite structures.本文的目的是研究声发射（AE）检测技术在大型复合碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）构件损伤识别中的应用性能。设计了两组CFRP管，并进行了全尺寸轴压试验。利用模式识别技术对采集到的声发射信号进行聚类。对k-means、分层自组织映射（SOM） + k-means、主成分分析（PCA） + k-means、SOM + 分层和PCA + 分层这六种算法的聚类效果进行了比较。结果表明，PCA + k-means聚类效果最好。四种损伤机制-基体开裂，纤维-基体脱粘，分层和纤维破坏-可以有效地识别。基于聚类结果对声发射信号的典型参数进行分析，确定峰值频率和能量是最有效的损伤识别参数。4种损伤类型的频带分别为0 ~ 50 kHz（基体开裂）、75 ~ 125 kHz（分层）和150 ~ 250 kHz（脱粘），能量均大于104 μv -sec（光纤失效）。将声发射技术与合适的聚类方法相结合，是复合材料结构健康监测的有效工具。Behaviour and Design of Steel Beams with Unstiffened and Stiffened Rectangular Web OpeningsZhaoyu Xu, Genshu Tong, Lei Zhang, Bingzhe Liu, Yilin Huang, Tao Rendoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113713未加筋和加筋矩形腹板开口钢梁的性能与设计The structural behaviour and ultimate resistance of steel beams with unstiffened and longitudinally stiffened web openings are investigated in this study. Three-point bending tests were conducted on seven simply supported steel beams with different construction forms. Finite element models were developed and validated against the experimental results. A comprehensive parametric study was subsequently performed to examine the effects of web opening details, the cross-sectional area of longitudinal stiffeners, and their anchorage length on the ultimate resistance. The upper limit of the stiffener cross-sectional area contributing to the Vierendeel bending resistance, as well as the minimum required anchorage length are discussed. The experimental and numerical results were employed to evaluate the accuracy of AISC Design Guide 2 and EN1993-1-13. The comparisons indicate that the AISC Design Guide 2 provides reasonable accuracy for steel beams with unstiffened web openings, whereas the deviation increases when applied to stiffened web openings. Conversely, EN1993-1-13 underestimates the resistance of steel beams with unstiffened web openings, whilst demonstrates good accuracy for stiffened web openings. Based on EN1993-1-13, improved design methods are proposed, demonstrating good accuracy for both configurations.本文研究了无加劲和纵向加劲腹板开口的钢梁的结构性能和极限阻力。对7根不同结构形式的简支钢梁进行了三点弯曲试验。建立了有限元模型，并对实验结果进行了验证。随后进行了一项全面的参数研究，以检查腹板开口细节，纵向加强筋的横截面积及其锚固长度对最终阻力的影响。讨论了增强筋横截面积的上限，以及最小要求的锚固长度。采用试验和数值结果对AISC设计指南2和EN1993-1-13的精度进行了评价。比较表明，AISC设计指南2对未加筋腹板开口的钢梁提供了合理的精度，而加筋腹板开口的偏差增大。相反，EN1993-1-13低估了带有未加劲腹板开口的钢梁的阻力，同时对加劲腹板开口显示了良好的准确性。在EN1993-1-13的基础上，提出了改进的设计方法，两种结构都具有良好的精度。From Nature to Engineering: The Evolutionary Journey of Bio-Inspired Energy Absorbers Across Diverse Loading ConditionsAlireza Baratian Sani Devin, Ali Keshavarzi, Amir Arsalan Hemami, Amin Feyz Bashipoor, Hamed Saeidi Googarchindoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113684从自然到工程：生物能量吸收器在不同负载条件下的进化之旅This review paper traces the evolution of bio-inspired energy absorbers, spotlighting their design advancements and performance under axial, lateral, and three-point bending loading scenarios. Inspired by nature’s resilient structures, such as animal bones, plant stems, and microstructural systems engineers have crafted innovative geometries that excel in energy absorption, weight efficiency, and adaptability to complex mechanical demands. This study categorizes these absorbers by their biological origins and loading conditions, offering a detailed analysis of design strategies, fabrication techniques, and performance metrics like specific energy absorption (SEA) and crash force efficiency (CFE). A comparative evaluation reveals recurring bio-inspired models, such as those derived from Euplectella aspergillum, beetle elytra, bone, and bamboo, emphasizing their consistent effectiveness across loading types. Integrating advanced materials, including composites and adhesive bonding, with cutting-edge manufacturing methods like additive manufacturing, this review bridges theoretical insights with practical applications, charting a path for next-generation energy absorbers that promise enhanced safety and sustainability in engineering domains.本文回顾了仿生吸能器的发展历程，重点介绍了它们在轴向、横向和三点弯曲载荷下的设计进展和性能。受自然弹性结构（如动物骨骼、植物茎和微结构系统）的启发，工程师们精心设计了创新的几何形状，这些几何形状在能量吸收、重量效率和对复杂机械需求的适应性方面表现出色。本研究根据其生物来源和负载条件对这些减振器进行了分类，并详细分析了设计策略、制造技术和性能指标，如比能吸收（SEA）和碰撞力效率（CFE）。比较评估揭示了反复出现的生物启发模型，例如来自曲霉Euplectella aspergillum，甲虫鞘翅，骨头和竹子的模型，强调了它们在不同负载类型下的一致性有效性。本综述将先进材料（包括复合材料和粘合剂粘合）与尖端制造方法（如增材制造）相结合，将理论见解与实际应用相结合，为下一代能量吸收剂的发展指明了道路，这些吸收剂有望提高工程领域的安全性和可持续性。Static performance of S690 and S960 high strength steel CHS X-joints under brace axial tension: An experimental investigation considering welding heat input effectsJia-Jun Zhang, Xiaoyi Landoi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113705考虑焊接热输入效应的S690和S960高强度钢CHS x型接头轴向拉伸静态性能试验研究Revealing the structural performance of high strength steel (HSS) tubular joints is the prerequisite for safe and economical applications of HSS tubular structures. The welding heat input which can result in significant deterioration of material ductility and strengths in HSS heat-affected-zones (HAZ) is critical for HSS tubular joints. This study aims to investigate the static performance of HSS circular hollow section (CHS) X-joints under brace axial tension. A total of 14 full-scale S690 and S960 steel test specimens were tested to assess the effects of the steel grade, the welding heat input (0.97, 1.48 and 1.83 kJ/mm), the brace-to-chord outer diameter ratio (0.61 ≤ β ≤ 1.00) and the chord outer diameter-to-wall thickness ratio (28.3 ≤ 2γ ≤ 41.2). The deformation capacity and static strengths of test specimens were evaluated, and the suitability of the normal strength steel design rules of ISO 14346 and the HSS design provisions of EN 1993-1-8 for HSS CHS X-joints was assessed. The deformation capacity and static strengths of S960 steel joints decreased with increasing welding heat input, and such adverse effects were less significant for S690 steel counterparts. Elevating the β ratio reduced the deformation capacity, but increased the static strength. Increasing the 2γ ratio generally led to higher deformation capacity and static strengths. Substantial static strength improvement for the higher steel grade was observed, indicating the effective use of the HSS material strengths. The Eurocode and ISO design strengths, which were taken as the lower design strengths of chord plastification and chord punching shear, were considerably conservative, and became less conservative for S960 steel joints. The codified design provisions failed to accurately predict the failure mode of HSS joints, which can transit from chord plastification to chord punching shear for higher welding heat inputs and larger β ratios.揭示高强钢管状节点的结构性能是高强钢管状结构安全、经济应用的前提。焊接热输入对高温钢管状接头至关重要，它会导致高温钢热影响区（HAZ）材料的塑性和强度显著下降。本文旨在研究支撑轴向拉伸作用下HSS圆形空心截面（CHS） x形节点的静力性能。对14个全尺寸S690和S960钢试件进行了试验，评估了钢级、焊接热输入（0.97、1.48和1.83 kJ/mm）、托弦外径比（0.61≤β≤1.00）和 弦弦外径与壁厚比（28.3≤2γ≤41.2）的影响。对试件的变形能力和静强度进行了评定，并对ISO 14346标准强度钢设计规则和EN 1993-1-8高速钢设计规定对高速钢CHS x型接头的适用性进行了评定。S960钢接头的变形能力和静强度随着焊接热输入的增加而下降，而S690钢接头的这种不利影响不太明显。提高β比降低了材料的变形能力，但提高了材料的静强度。增大2γ比通常会提高材料的变形能力和静强度。观察到较高钢种的静态强度有显著提高，表明有效地利用了HSS材料的强度。欧洲规范和ISO设计强度作为弦形塑化和 弦形冲剪的较低设计强度较为保守，对S960钢节点的保守性有所降低。在较高的焊接热输入和较大的β比下，高强钢接头的破坏模式可由弦形塑化过渡到弦形冲剪。来源：复合材料力学仿真Composites FEM