今日更新:Composite Structures 5 篇,Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2 篇,Composites Part B: Engineering 1 篇,Composites Science and Technology 1 篇
Tailored antisymmetric composite laminates: achieving ultra-thin design, lightweight performance, and mitigated coupling effects
Antonio Miravete, Jesus Cuartero, Roberto Guzman de Villoria, Juan M. Mejia-Ariza
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119836
定制的反对称复合材料层压板:实现超薄设计,轻量化性能,减轻耦合效应
The aerospace industry is being driven toward ever-thinner, lighter composite structures, yet traditional balanced-symmetric “Quad” laminates are only able to meet stiffness and damage-tolerance targets by stacking large sublaminates of 0°, ±45° and 90° unidirectional plies—an approach that results in increased thickness, mass, and cost. An alternative architecture—Tailored Antisymmetric Composite (TAC) laminates—is introduced, comprising repeated antisymmetric sublaminates whose fiber orientations are optimized to minimize extension–bending coupling while satisfying stiffness and strength requirements. The feasible design space of TAC sublaminates is comprehensively mapped using lamination parameter plots; despite their minimal ply counts, TAC configurations span nearly the entire lamination-parameter domain—a coverage unattainable by Quad laminates. A genetic-algorithm (GA) framework for replacing Quad laminates with TAC designs is then detailed, and hard, soft, and neutral tapering schemes are compared using classical laminated-plate theory. Strategic tapering of ultra-thin TAC sublaminates is shown to yield 16–25 % weight savings relative to Quad laminates. The results of an experimental validation campaign are presented to quantify post-cure warpage in TAC and Quad plates and to evaluate extension–bending coupling behavior. TAC laminates are shown to sustain warpage levels comparable to those of Quad controls while exhibiting reduced coupling in ultra-thin sections. Moreover, an a nalytical investigation of bending–twisting coupling is provided. Overall, TAC laminates are presented as a weight-efficient route to next-generation ultra-thin composites, and the methodology laid herein establishes a foundation for future studies. The limitations of the present approach are discussed, and key next steps are outlined.
航空航天工业正朝着更薄、更轻的复合材料结构发展,然而传统的平衡对称“四轴”层压板只能通过堆叠大量 0°、±45°和 90°单向层来满足刚度和损伤容限目标,这种方法 会导致厚度、质量和成本增加。本文引入了一种替代结构——定制的非对称复合材料(TAC)层压板,它由重复的非对称子层压板组成,纤维取向经过优化,以最小化拉伸-弯曲耦合,同时满足刚度和强度要求。通过铺层参数图全面绘制了 TAC 子层压板的可行设计空间;尽管其铺层数量极少,但 TAC 配置几乎覆盖了整个铺层参数域——这是四轴层压板无法达到的覆盖范围。接着详细介绍了用遗传算法(GA)框架将四轴层压板替换为 TAC 设计的方法,并使用经典层合板理论对硬、软和中性锥度方案进行了比较。结果表明,对超薄 TAC 子层压板进行战略性锥度处理,可比四轴层压板减重 16%至 25%。本文展示了实验验证活动的结果,以量化 TAC 和 Quad 板材在后固化过程中的翘曲情况,并评估其拉伸 - 弯曲耦合行为。结果表明,TAC 层合板在超薄截面中表现出的翘曲程度与 Quad 对照组相当,但耦合程度更低。此外,还对弯曲 - 扭转耦合进行了分析研究。总体而言,TAC 层合板被证明是实现下一代超薄复合材料的轻质高效途径,而本文所建立的方法为未来的研究奠定了基础。文中还讨论了当前方法的局限性,并概述了关键的后续步骤。
Computational homogenization of non-centrosymmetric composites with concurrent flexoelectric and piezoelectric effects using consistent couple stress theory
Yan Shang, Sheng-Feng Wang, Mao-Dong Pan, Song Cen, Bing-Bing Chen, Chen-Feng Li
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119843
用一致耦合应力理论计算具有柔性和压电效应的非中心对称复合材料的均匀化
The accurate prediction of effective electromechanical properties is essential for evaluating architected non-centrosymmetric composites exhibiting concurrent piezoelectric and flexoelectric effects. To address this issue, this work proposes a computational homogenization scheme based on the consistent couple stress theory. The extended Hill’s lemma is rigorously established for heterogeneous non-centrosymmetric materials, enabling the systematic derivation of admissible boundary conditions, particularly the periodic boundary condition, for the representative volume element (RVE) from the Hill-Mandel macrohomogeneity condition. To demonstrate the practical implementation of the method for obtaining effective piezoelectric and flexoelectric coefficients, its application to the plane strain problem is detailed. Numerical validation is performed using a computationally efficient penalty 8-node quadrilateral element formulated using the linked interpolation. Benchmark results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in predicting the effective electromechanical properties of architected non-centrosymmetric composites, demonstrating a discrepancy of less than 4% from reference solutions where available.
有效机电性能的准确预测对于评价具有压电和挠曲电同时效应的结构非中心对称复合材料至关重要。为了解决这一问题,本工作提出了一种基于一致耦合应力理论的计算均匀化方案。对于非中心对称非均质材料,严格地建立了扩展的Hill引理,从而能够从Hill- mandel宏观均匀性条件中系统地推导出代表性体积元(RVE)的可容许边界条件,特别是周期边界条件。为了说明该方法的实际实现,详细介绍了该方法在平面应变问题中的应用。数值验证是使用一个计算效率高的惩罚8节点四边形单元进行的,该单元使用链接插值公式。基准测试结果证实了该方法在预测结构非中心对称复合材料的有效机电性能方面的有效性,在可用的情况下,与参考解决方案的差异小于4%。
Multiple interfacial polarization relaxation induced amelioration in microwave dielectric and EMI shielding of polypyrrole based nanocomposites
Lovepreet Kaur Dhugga, Himangshu B. Baskey, Kumresh K. Gaur, Dwijendra P. Singh
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119844
多界面极化弛豫诱导改善聚吡咯基纳米复合材料的微波介电和电磁干扰屏蔽性能
The utilization of magnetic, dielectric and conducting properties in synergistic manner would be useful for developing novel materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Therefore, polypyrrole-CoFe2O4-CaCu3Ti4O12 (PCC) nanocomposites have been synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization; where two oxidants ammonium peroxydisulfate i.e., APS ((NH4)2S2O8) and iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) are rationally varied. Their effect on the morphological features, microwave dielectric and EMI shielding is investigated comprehensively and an alytically. Interestingly, PCC (40 APS) [APS: FeCl3::40:60] nanocomposites show peculiar morphological features as well as highest shielding effectiveness. Morphological an alysis establishes the formation of “basket like structure” in the PCC (40 APS) nanocomposites ascribed to the interfacial forces among the cross linking of polymeric chains and the interaction of incorporated ceramic nanoparticles with the functional group of polypyrrole (i.e. –NH). It also exhibits highest shielding effectiveness (SET ∼ 31 dB) with absorption dominant contribution (SEA ∼ 25 dB) in the X-band. Additionally, PCC (40 APS) nanocomposite has highest dielectric permittivity (ε’) ∼ 80 and dielectric loss ∼ 1. These observations are attributed to multiple interfacial polarization relaxation in PCC nanocomposites. These investigations will open the way for tuning shielding effectiveness in the conducting polymer-based nanocomposites by the modification in processing parameters.
磁性、介电性和导电性的协同利用将有助于开发新型电磁干扰屏蔽材料。因此,采用原位化学氧化聚合法制备了聚吡咯- cofe2o4 - cacu3ti4o12 (PCC)纳米复合材料;其中过氧化二硫酸铵即APS ((NH4)2S2O8)和氯化铁(III) (FeCl3)两种氧化剂合理变化。对其形态特性、微波介电性和电磁屏蔽性能的影响进行了全面分析研究。有趣的是,PCC (40aps) [APS: FeCl3::40:60]纳米复合材料表现出独特的形态特征和最高的屏蔽效果。形态学分析证实了PCC (40 APS)纳米复合材料中“篮状结构”的形成是由于聚合物链交联之间的界面力以及加入的陶瓷纳米颗粒与聚吡咯官能团(即-NH)的相互作用。它还具有最高的屏蔽效能(SET ~ 31 dB),在x波段具有吸收优势贡献(SEA ~ 25 dB)。此外,PCC (40 APS)纳米复合材料具有最高的介电常数(ε′)~ 80和介电损耗~ 1。这些观察结果归因于PCC纳米复合材料的多重界面极化弛豫。这些研究将为通过改变工艺参数来调整导电聚合物基纳米复合材料的屏蔽效能开辟道路。
A data-physics fusion framework integrating XGBoost and PINN in data-limited conditions for prediction of FRP-UHPC beam test bond strength
Pei-Fu Zhang, Daxu Zhang, Xuan Zhao, Yiliyaer Tuerxunmaimaiti, Qi Zhao, Mudassir Iqbal
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119848
基于数据限制条件下XGBoost和PINN的FRP-UHPC束测试粘结强度预测数据物理融合框架
The bond strength between fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is critical for FRP-UHPC structural performance. Traditional machine learning (ML) techniques fail to predict the FRP-UHPC bond strength using limited RILEM beam test data, which can reflect more realistic stress conditions but more complex to conduct compared to the common pullout test. To address it, this study proposes a data-physics fusion framework integrating eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) with physics-informed neural network (PINN) for beam test bond strength prediction, which incorporates the experimental data and physical mechanis m into modelling. A total of 106 beam test specimens are utilised considering concrete splitting and pullout failure modes. The bond mechanis m is first an alysed to identify influences of parameters. XGBoost models are subsequently developed and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values are computed to quantify feature importance. The SHAP values derived from XGBoost models, are then validated with the bond mechanis m to ensure physical consistency. Based on the SHAP values, partial derivative constraints are formulated and incorporated into the loss functions of PINN. The results indicate that the proposed framework effectively integrates experimental data and physical insights, improving both prediction accuracy and model interpretability in data-limited conditions.
纤维增强聚合物(FRP)筋与超高性能混凝土(UHPC)之间的粘结强度是决定FRP-UHPC结构性能的关键。传统的机器学习(ML)技术无法使用有限的RILEM梁测试数据来预测FRP-UHPC的粘结强度,而RILEM梁测试数据可以反映更真实的应力条件,但与普通的拔出测试相比,这种方法更复杂。为了解决这一问题,本研究提出了一种数据-物理融合框架,将极端梯度增强(XGBoost)与物理信息神经网络(PINN)相结合,用于梁测试粘结强度预测,将实验数据和物理机制纳入建模。考虑混凝土劈裂和拉拔破坏模式,共使用了106个梁试件。首先分析了键合机理,确定了各参数对键合机理的影响。随后开发XGBoost模型,并计算SHapley加性解释(SHAP)值来量化特征的重要性。从XGBoost模型中导出的SHAP值,然后使用粘合机制进行验证,以确保物理一致性。基于SHAP值,建立了偏导数约束,并将其纳入到PINN的损失函数中。结果表明,该框架有效地整合了实验数据和物理见解,提高了数据有限条件下的预测精度和模型可解释性。
Sustainable filler materials for laser-CMT hybrid welding: tailoring microstructure and optimizing mechanical properties of cast aluminum alloy joints
T. Feng, J.M. Yu, Z.Y. Zhang, C. Xu, W.P. Weng, H. Nagaumi
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119832
激光- cmt复合焊接用可持续填充材料:铸造铝合金接头微观结构定制与力学性能优化
This study pioneers a novel Fe-neutralization strategy enabling high-performance laser-CMT hybrid welding of A356 aluminum alloy using high-Fe recycled fillers (RW1: Al-3Si-2.1Fe-2Mn-0.5Cr; RW2: Al-2Si-3 Mg-2.2Fe-2.1Mn-0.5Cr). The strategic Mn/Cr additions suppressed brittle β-AlFeSi formation, instead promoting compact α-Al(Fe, Mn)Si and α-Al(Fe, Mn, Cr)Si phases (Chinese script/fishbone morphologies) via Mn substitution and rapid cooling. RW2 uniquely leveraged Mg to nucleate π-AlSiMgFe phases on residual β-AlFeSi surfaces, acting as crack-arresting buffers through solute enrichment and heterogeneous nucleation. Microstructurally, RW2 exhibited enhanced solid-solution strengthening, finer grains, and weaker texture due to Mg segregation. Mechanically, RW1 achieved superior tensile strength (235.1 MPa) by minimizing brittle phases, while RW2 delivered higher yield strength (146.3 MPa) and microhardness (87.7 HV) via grain refinement and π-phase dispersion. Strikingly, both fillers outperformed conventional wires (ER4047/ER5183), demonstrating the feasibility of transforming deleterious Fe into a controlled microstructural component. This work establishes a sustainable pathway for employing high-Fe recycled aluminum in structural welds, advancing eco-conscious joining technologies.
本研究提出了一种新的铁中和策略,利用高铁回收填料(RW1: Al-3Si-2.1Fe-2Mn-0.5Cr; RW2: Al-2Si-3 Mg-2.2Fe-2.1Mn-0.5Cr)实现A356铝合金的高性能激光- cmt复合焊接。策略添加Mn/Cr抑制了脆性β-AlFeSi的形成,反而通过Mn取代和快速冷却促进了致密的α-Al(Fe, Mn)Si和α-Al(Fe, Mn, Cr)Si相(汉字/鱼骨形貌)的形成。RW2独特地利用Mg在残余β-AlFeSi表面上使π-AlSiMgFe相成核,通过溶质富集和非均相成核作为阻裂缓冲剂。显微结构上,由于Mg偏析,RW2表现出增强的固溶强化、更细的晶粒和更弱的织构。RW1通过减少脆性相获得了较高的抗拉强度(235.1 MPa), RW2通过晶粒细化和π相分散获得了较高的屈服强度(146.3 MPa)和显微硬度(87.7 HV)。引人注目的是,这两种填料的性能都优于传统金属丝(ER4047/ER5183),证明了将有害铁转化为受控微结构组件的可行性。这项工作为在结构焊接中使用高铁再生铝建立了一条可持续发展的途径,促进了生态意识的连接技术。
Enhancing sustainability in CFRP with a solvent-free, fully closed-loop recyclable bio-based epoxy vitrimer
Jae Hoon Lee, Yong Min Kim, Wonbin Kim, SeungHyeon Song, Junseok Choi, Eunjung Kim, Sarang Kim, Hyungbum Park, Woong-Ryeol Yu, Wonjin Na, Yong-Seok Choi
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109419
用无溶剂、全闭环可回收的生物基环氧树脂增强碳纤维增强塑料的可持续性
We propose a fully closed-loop recyclable vanillin-based epoxy vitrimer (IAIE) to enhance the sustainability of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs). IAIE is synthesized via a solvent-free process by curing a liquid-phase imine-containing vanillin-based epoxy (IE) with a liquid-phase imine-containing diamine (IA), both of which are specifically designed in liquid form to facilitate their direct use as matrix components in CFRP fabrication. Owing to the rapid dynamic imine exchange, IAIE demonstrates superior properties, including enhanced toughness (49.7 MJ/m3), self-healing ability, and excellent reprocessability. Closed-loop recycling is achieved through dynamic imine exchange: IAIE is degraded in the presence of excess liquid-phase IA monomer at 60 °C without using solvents, and is subsequently re-cured by adding a stoichiometrically equivalent amount of IE. IAIE imparts notable improvements to CFRPs, including distinctive plastic deformation, increased fracture toughness (99.8 kJ/m2), and enhanced interlaminar shear strength (18.3 MPa). Importantly, the interface between carbon fibers and the IAIE resin in delaminated CFRPs can be repeatedly healed through mild heating, demonstrating a level of reprocessability that has previously been considered impractical for CFRPs. Furthermore, the IAIE resin can be selectively removed through chemical recycling, with the reclaimed carbon fibers preserving their surface morphology and mechanical modulus. These findings underscore the potential of IAIE as a sustainable, high-performance matrix for composite applications. This innovative vitrimer system offers an effective pathway toward reducing the environmental footprint of CFRPs by enabling material reuse and minimizing composite waste.
我们提出了一种全闭环可回收的香草基环氧玻璃体(IAIE),以提高碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRPs)的可持续性。IAIE是通过无溶剂工艺合成的,通过将液相含亚胺香草基环氧树脂(IE)与液相含亚胺二胺(IA)固化,这两种树脂都是专门设计成液态的,以便于它们直接用作CFRP制造中的基体成分。由于快速的动态亚胺交换,IAIE表现出优异的性能,包括增强的韧性(49.7 MJ/m3),自修复能力和优异的再加工性能。通过动态亚胺交换实现闭环回收:IAIE在60℃下不使用溶剂的情况下在过量的液相IA单体存在下降解,随后通过添加化学计量等量的IE进行再固化。IAIE显著改善了cfrp的塑性变形,增加了断裂韧性(99.8 kJ/m2),增强了层间剪切强度(18.3 MPa)。重要的是,在分层cfrp中,碳纤维和IAIE树脂之间的界面可以通过温和的加热反复愈合,证明了以前认为cfrp不切实际的可再加工性水平。此外,IAIE树脂可以通过化学回收选择性去除,回收的碳纤维保持其表面形态和力学模量。这些发现强调了IAIE作为复合材料应用的可持续、高性能矩阵的潜力。这种创新的玻璃体系统通过实现材料再利用和减少复合材料浪费,为减少cfrp的环境足迹提供了有效途径。
Photothermal energy conversion and storage with lignocellulose-polyethylene phase change polymer
Zhubin Yao, Han Lin, Xiaoqing Yang, Jingwen Weng
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109420
木质纤维素-聚乙烯相变聚合物的光热转换与存储
For building complexes in low-latitude regions, the efficient storage and conversion of high-intensity solar energy remain a significant challenge. Although building energy-efficient phase change materials (BEE-PCMs) offer a potential solution, their practical application is often limited by component leakage and poor material compatibility, which typically necessitate high packaging costs. In this work, a low-cost packaging strategy is proposed by physically entangling cross-linked phase change polymers (PCPs), lignocellulose (LE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE), resulting in a green modified PCP (MPCP). Among these, MPCP-6 with 6 wt% LE exhibits excellent mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 3.9 MPa, compressive strength of 62.4 MPa, and toughness of 30.7 kJ/m3—equivalent to 487.5 %, 515.7 %, and 874.6 % of the unmodified PCPs, respectively. Furthermore, MPCP-6 possesses intrinsic anti-leakage capability and demonstrates remarkable thermally induced flexibility, achieving 720° curl deformation at 50 °C. Compared to commercial machine-made concrete blocks (CMB) and epoxy-enhanced PCM (EPCM) modules, MPCP-6 exhibits superior thermal responsiveness. The peak indoor temperature is reduced to 37.6 °C, which is 2.2 °C and 3.0 °C lower than that of EPCM and CMB modules, respectively. This work provides a promising strategy for improving thermal comfort in buildings located in low-latitude regions.
对于低纬度地区的建筑综合体来说,高强度太阳能的高效存储和转换仍然是一个重大挑战。虽然建筑节能相变材料(bee - pcm)提供了一个潜在的解决方案,但它们的实际应用往往受到组件泄漏和材料兼容性差的限制,这通常需要高包装成本。在这项工作中,提出了一种低成本的包装策略,通过物理缠结交联相变聚合物(PCP),木质纤维素(LE)和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE),产生绿色改性PCP (MPCP)。其中,6 wt% LE的MPCP-6表现出优异的力学性能,抗拉强度为3.9 MPa,抗压强度为62.4 MPa,韧性为30.7 kJ/m3,分别相当于未改性pcp的487.5 %、515.7 %和874.6 %。此外,MPCP-6具有固有的防泄漏能力,并表现出显著的热诱导柔韧性,在50 °C时可实现720°的旋度变形。与商用机械混凝土块(CMB)和环氧增强PCM (EPCM)模块相比,MPCP-6具有优越的热响应性。室内峰值温度降至37.6 °C,比EPCM和CMB模块分别降低2.2 °C和3.0 °C。这项工作为改善低纬度地区建筑的热舒适性提供了一个有希望的策略。
Damage and self-healing behaviors in aircraft-grade carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer unidirectional laminates containing exchangeable disulfide crosslinks
Ryo Higuchi, Manato Kumada, Yu Zusho, Tomohiro Yokozeki, Takaya Suzuki
doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113184
含可交换二硫交联的航空级碳纤维增强玻璃钢单向层合板的损伤和自修复行为
Given the expansion in the application of composites, their waste disposal has become a social issue, and their recycling methods have attracted considerable attention. Vitrimer, which is self-healing materials, is expected to serve as an alternative material for the matrix of structural composite materials because of its superior mechanical properties within the service temperature range similar to those of thermosetting resins, and its reprocessability and repairability at high temperatures, which is comparable to those of thermoplastic resins. This study focuses on the epoxy-based vitrimer resin and aircraft-grade carbon fiber-reinforced vitrimer (CF/vitrimer) laminates containing exchangeable disulfide crosslinks as dynamic covalent bonds, and investigates their fundamental mechanical, thermomechanical, fracture, and self-healing properties. The residual fracture toughnesses of CF/vitrimer laminates healed by different healing conditions and combinations of pre- and post-healing crack opening modes are evaluated to demonstrate their repairability. Results reveal that the healing efficiency has significant mode-dependency, mainly attributed to the pre-healing crack opening mode and resultant fracture morphology. The developed vitrimer composite shows considerable potential as a healable structural material because of its comparable mechanical properties with conventional epoxy-based composites and its unique repairability, particularly in cracks propagated by mode II.
随着复合材料应用范围的扩大,其废弃物处理已成为一个社会问题,其回收利用方法引起了人们的广泛关注。玻璃体是一种自修复材料,在使用温度范围内具有与热固性树脂相似的优越机械性能,在高温下具有与热塑性树脂相当的可再加工性和可修复性,有望成为结构复合材料基体的替代材料。本研究的重点是环氧树脂基玻璃体树脂和飞机级碳纤维增强玻璃体(CF/玻璃体)层压板含有可交换的二硫交联作为动态共价键,并研究了它们的基本力学、热力学、断裂和自愈性能。通过对CF/玻璃钢复合材料在不同愈合条件下以及愈合前和愈合后裂纹开放模式组合下的残余断裂韧性进行评价,以证明其可修复性。结果表明,裂纹的愈合效率具有显著的模式依赖性,这主要归因于预愈合裂纹的张开方式和由此产生的断裂形态。由于其与传统环氧基复合材料相当的机械性能和独特的可修复性,特别是在II型裂纹中,所开发的玻璃体复合材料显示出相当大的潜力,作为一种可修复的结构材料。
Experimental Evaluation of Residual Microstresses in CFRP Composites Using Nanoindentation and FIB Cross-Sectioning
Sarvenaz Ghaffari, Andrew Makeev
doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111447
基于纳米压痕和FIB截面的CFRP复合材料残余微应力实验研究
Residual microstress is one of the major concerns in polymer-matrix composites. It may arise from mis match in the physical and mechanical properties of the constituents, leading to premature material failure and damage in structural components. Therefore, it is important to understand and account for such stresses in design and manufacturing of advanced composites. This study presents a combined experimental approach to quantify residual microstresses in the matrix of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Residual stresses are released by fiber push-out, resulting in matrix deformation. Matrix deformation along the fiber direction, as well as in the fiber cross-section plane, is measured to estimate the residual microstresses. Deformation in the fiber direction is characterized using two complementary techniques: (1) nanoindentation to measure out-of-plane displacement, and (2) focused ion beam (FIB) cross-sectioning to visualize resin shrinkage associated with stress relaxation. Both methods reveal a cave-in effect at the resin pocket surfaces, confirming tensile residual stress in the matrix. In-plane deformation is evaluated by measuring the change in the cross-sectional diameter of the matrix hole before and after fiber push-out. An an alytical solution has been devised to convert the measured strains into stresses near fibers, addressing the significance of residual microstresses. Results for a unidirectional CFRP tape material system, common in aircraft primary structures, show high tensile residual stress values in the matrix near the fiber surface. Such residual stresses, accelerating the onset of matrix cracking, can be detrimental to structural integrity.
残余微应力是聚合物基复合材料研究的主要问题之一。它可能是由成分的物理和机械性能不匹配引起的,导致结构部件的材料过早失效和损坏。因此,在先进复合材料的设计和制造中,理解和考虑这种应力是很重要的。本研究提出了一种结合实验的方法来量化碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)复合材料基体中的残余微应力。残余应力通过纤维外推释放,导致基体变形。测量基体沿纤维方向和纤维截面的变形,以估计残余微应力。纤维方向上的变形使用两种互补技术来表征:(1)纳米压痕测量面外位移,(2)聚焦离子束(FIB)横截面观察与应力松弛相关的树脂收缩。两种方法都揭示了树脂袋表面的塌陷效应,证实了基体中的拉伸残余应力。通过测量纤维推出前后基体孔截面直径的变化来评估面内变形。设计了一种解析解,将测量的应变转换为纤维附近的应力,解决了残余微应力的重要性。结果表明,飞机初级结构中常用的单向CFRP带材料系统在纤维表面附近的基体中显示出较高的拉伸残余应力值。这样的残余应力,加速了基体开裂的发生,对结构的完整性是有害的。