【新文速递】2025年11月8日复合材料SCI期刊最新文章

   

今日更新：Composite Structures 5 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 1 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 6 篇，Composites Science and Technology 2 篇

Composite Structures

Stiffness design method of Gyroid-based functionally graded lattice structures with variable porosity controlled by load path

Dong Wang, Zhaohua Wang, Shengjie Zhao, Nan Wu, Ruijie Feng, Zhishun Wu

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119794

载荷路径控制下基于陀螺的变孔隙度梯度功能晶格结构刚度设计方法

The design of functionally graded lattice structure (FGLS) with triply period minimal surface can better improve the specific stiffness, strength, and energy-absorption capacity. However, how to design the porosity distribution and accurately control structural stiffness is a challenging task. This paper presents a stiffness design method of Gyroid-based FGLS based on variable porosity controlled by load paths. The continuous space iterative subdivision search method is established to calculate the minimum distance from central coordinate point of the cell to the main load paths. Then the mapping relationship between minimum distance and cell porosity is established. The influence of the dispersion range of cell porosity on mechanical properties is further an alyzed. It was found that the mechanical properties increase with the increase of dispersion range. Next, cantilever beam and three-point bending beam are taken as the research object, and the FGLSs of the two models with bidirectional gradient are redesigned. The simulation and experimental results show that the stiffness of bidirectional gradient FGLSs is better than uniform density lattice structure under the same volume fraction. This method can accurately and explicitly controls the porosity of each cell by load path, thereby improving the overall structural stiffness.

三周期最小曲面的功能梯度晶格结构（FGLS）设计可以更好地提高比刚度、强度和吸能能力。然而，如何设计孔隙率分布并精确控制结构刚度是一项具有挑战性的任务。本文提出了一种基于载荷路径控制的变孔隙率的陀螺FGLS刚度设计方法。建立了连续空间迭代细分搜索方法，计算单元中心坐标点到主负载路径的最小距离。然后建立最小距离与孔隙度的映射关系。进一步分析了孔隙度分散范围对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着分散范围的增大，材料的力学性能有所提高。其次，以悬臂梁和三点弯曲梁为研究对象，重新设计了具有双向梯度的两种模型的fgls；仿真和实验结果表明，在相同体积分数下，双向梯度fgls的刚度优于均匀密度晶格结构。该方法可以通过荷载路径精确、明确地控制每个单元的孔隙度，从而提高整体结构刚度。

Impact localization method for composite laminates based on artificial neural networks and Bayesian updating

Jing Sun, Kexin Tian, Hui Zhang, Xiaobo Rui, Lixin Xu, Lei Qi, Zhoumo Zeng

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119814

基于人工神经网络和贝叶斯更新的复合材料层合板冲击定位方法

The barely visible damage in aircraft composite structures can be a significant concern, making impact monitoring crucial for ensuring their integrity and reliability. This paper proposes a composite impact localization method based on artificial neural networks and Bayesian updating, utilizing time-difference feature vectors from impact events. The method determines the impact location of composite materials with unknown material properties or complex characteristics. This study uses finite element simulation data and experimental data as training sets, extracts feature vectors from the impact signal obtained by the sensor, and then compares and constructs the best neural network model for localization training. Finally, the Bayesian updating algorithm is used to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the location results. Specifically, the best average location error for Hsu-Nielsen source events is 0.429 cm, with a variance of 0.300 cm2, while for falling ball simulation events, the best average location error is 1.122 cm, with a variance of 0.954 cm2.

飞机复合材料结构中几乎看不见的损伤可能是一个重大问题，因此影响监测对于确保其完整性和可靠性至关重要。本文提出了一种基于人工神经网络和贝叶斯更新的综合碰撞定位方法，利用碰撞事件的时差特征向量。该方法确定了材料性能未知或复杂特性的复合材料的冲击位置。本研究以有限元仿真数据和实验数据作为训练集，从传感器获取的冲击信号中提取特征向量，然后对比构建最佳的神经网络模型进行定位训练。最后，利用贝叶斯更新算法提高定位结果的准确性和可靠性。其中，Hsu-Nielsen源事件的最佳平均定位误差为0.429 cm，方差为0.300 cm2，而落球模拟事件的最佳平均定位误差为1.122 cm，方差为0.954 cm2。

A critical review of the past, present, and future of 3D printing for continuous and short fiber composites

Sanjay Kumar, Dong-Hoon Yoo, Jun-Seop Song, Hak-Sung Kim

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119819

对连续和短纤维复合材料的3D打印的过去，现在和未来的重要回顾

This review critically examines recent advancements in 3D printing of short fiber-reinforced polymer composites (SFRCs) and continuous fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRCs), emphasizing their potential to transform industrial applications through enhanced mechanical performance, multifunctionality, and sustainability. It ana lyzes the evolution of additive manufacturing methods, material innovations—including bio-based polymers, recycled fibers, and nanofiber-reinforced systems—and their impact on tensile, shear, flexural, toughness and energy absorption behavior. While notable progress has been achieved, persistent challenges remain, such as limited fiber alignment control, inadequate interfacial bonding, and porosity-induced mechanical degradation. The review highlights contradictions in reported mechanical improvements versus practical printability, and identifies gaps in scalable integration of continuous fibers, standardized testing protocols, and predictive process models. Recent innovations—such as in-situ sensing, multi-material printing, and AI-driven optimization—show promise but lack industrial maturity and real-time adaptability. Furthermore, despite growing interest in sustainable materials, inconsistency in bio-fiber performance and limited recyclability frameworks constrain broader adoption. This review not only synthesizes the current state-of-the-art but also outlines critical limitations and unresolved issues, providing a roadmap for future research toward structurally robust, scalable, and environmentally responsible fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPC) based additive manufacturing.

本文综述了短纤维增强聚合物复合材料（SFRCs）和连续纤维增强聚合物复合材料（CFRCs） 3D打印的最新进展，强调了它们通过增强机械性能、多功能性和可持续性来改变工业应用的潜力。它分析了增材制造方法的演变、材料创新——包括生物基聚合物、再生纤维和纳米纤维增强系统——以及它们对拉伸、剪切、弯曲、韧性和能量吸收行为的影响。虽然取得了显著的进展，但仍然存在持续的挑战，例如有限的纤维排列控制，界面粘合不足以及孔隙率引起的机械退化。该综述强调了机械改进与实际可打印性之间的矛盾，并指出了连续纤维可扩展集成、标准化测试协议和预测过程模型方面的差距。最近的创新，如原位传感、多材料打印和人工智能驱动的优化，显示出前景，但缺乏行业成熟度和实时适应性。此外，尽管人们对可持续材料的兴趣日益浓厚，但生物纤维性能的不一致性和有限的可回收性框架限制了更广泛的采用。这篇综述不仅综合了当前最先进的技术，而且概述了关键的限制和未解决的问题，为未来的研究提供了一个路线图，以结构坚固、可扩展和环保的纤维增强聚合物复合材料（FRPC）为基础的增材制造。

Numerical an alysis and experimental comparison of stress and stiffness parameters of steel reinforced geopolymer concrete columns

Ahmet Özbayrak, Hurmet Kucukgoncu, Huseyin Hilmi Aslanbay, Yuksel Gul Aslanbay, Fatih Altun

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119833

钢筋地聚合物混凝土柱应力刚度参数的数值分析与试验比较

Despite extensive research, Geopolymer concrete (GPC) lacks reinforced concrete construction and design specifications. Developing such specifications requires comprehensive studies to promote the use of GPC, which is known for its superior performance and environmental benefits compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC). This study numerically investigated and compared the behavior and strength of fly ash-based geopolymer-reinforced concrete columns with the experimental results. Comparisons with OPC were made based on existing specifications. Herein, FEM an alyses were conducted on 16 GPC and 4 OPC columns under eccentric axial compressive loads. Parameters such as eccentricity, reinforcement ratio, curing method, and activation solution ratios were varied. According to average numerical results, the GPC columns have 7 % more moment capacity and 30 % more curvature values than OPC. Moreover, GPC columns absorbed more energy than OPC columns. Also, GPC columns have higher axial load and bending moment carrying capacities than OPC for numerical results. Error an alysis between FEM and experimental data revealed a strong correlation, with MAPE values of 8.88 % (axial load) and 7.20 % (moment) for GPC columns, confirming the reliability of the numerical model. ACI 318 and Eurocode 2 specifications were deemed applicable for GPC columns, provided axial loads are limited per TEC 2018.

尽管广泛的研究，地聚合物混凝土（GPC）缺乏钢筋混凝土的施工和设计规范。制定这样的规范需要全面的研究来促进GPC的使用，与普通波特兰水泥混凝土（OPC）相比，GPC以其优越的性能和环境效益而闻名。本文对粉煤灰基地聚合物-钢筋混凝土柱的性能和强度进行了数值研究，并与试验结果进行了比较。在现有规范的基础上与OPC进行了比较。本文对偏心轴压荷载作用下的16根 GPC柱和4根OPC柱进行了有限元分析。偏心率、配筋率、固化方式、活化液比等参数变化。平均数值结果表明，GPC柱的弯矩承载力比OPC柱高7 %，曲率值比OPC柱高30 %。GPC柱比OPC柱吸收更多的能量。数值结果表明，GPC柱具有比OPC柱更高的轴向荷载和弯矩承载能力。结果表明，GPC柱的MAPE值分别为8.88 %（轴向载荷）和7.20 %（弯矩），验证了数值模型的可靠性。ACI 318和Eurocode 2规范被认为适用于GPC柱，前提是根据TEC 2018限制轴向载荷。

High-speed impact performance an alysis and constitutive parameter inversion of fiber metal laminates

Yang Ni, Gang Li, Yan Zeng

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119842

金属纤维层合板高速冲击性能分析及本构参数反演

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) exhibit excellent impact and damage resistance, but their failure mechanis ms under high-speed loads are complex due to metal-fiber interactions. Therefore, improving the accuracy of finite element simulations of FMLs under high-speed impact is a critical challenge. This study presents an inverse identification approach for the constitutive parameters of fiber metal laminates (FMLs) under high-speed impact loading, aiming to enhance the predictive accuracy of FML simulations under dynamic conditions. The high-speed impact behavior of FMLs was experimentally characterized, and the finite element model was refined by inversely identifying constitutive parameters while accounting for strain-rate effects. The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) experiment was carried out through orthogonal experimental design to obtain dynamic response data, and the influence of ply design on impact performance was ana lyzed. A high-speed simulation model of FML was established based on the explicit dynamic finite element method of strain rate effect, and the effectiveness of the model was verified through experimental comparison. In order to reduce the error between the experiment and the simulation, this paper introduced a multi-objective optimization inversion method to perform global inverse ana lysis on the constitutive parameters to ensure that the model can reflect the real mechanical behavior of the material. The results demonstrate that the proposed method enables accurate characterization and calibration of the mechanical properties of FMLs, offering a robust approach for constitutive modeling and performance optimization. The prediction errors of the inverted constitutive parameters under dynamic loading conditions are significantly reduced, thereby enhancing the model’s reliability for engineering design and practical applications.

金属纤维层压板（FMLs）具有良好的抗冲击和抗损伤性能，但由于金属纤维相互作用，其在高速载荷下的破坏机制复杂。因此，提高高速碰撞下FMLs有限元模拟的精度是一个重要的挑战。本文提出了一种高速冲击载荷下金属纤维层合板（FML）本构参数的反识别方法，旨在提高动态条件下FML仿真的预测精度。实验表征了FMLs的高速冲击行为，并在考虑应变率效应的情况下，通过反识别本构参数来完善有限元模型。通过正交试验设计进行分离式霍普金森压杆（Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar， SHPB）试验，获取动态响应数据，分析铺层设计对冲击性能的影响。基于应变率效应的显式动态有限元法建立了FML高速仿真模型，并通过实验对比验证了模型的有效性。为了减小实验与仿真之间的误差，本文引入多目标优化反演方法，对材料的本构参数进行全局反演分析，保证模型能够反映材料的真实力学行为。结果表明，该方法能够准确表征和校准FMLs的力学性能，为本构建模和性能优化提供了可靠的方法。显著降低了动载条件下的倒置本构参数预测误差，提高了模型在工程设计和实际应用中的可靠性。

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Arresting unstable compressive crack growth in fibre reinforced polymer laminates – going beyond the ‘no-growth’ design dogma

B.P. Santos, E.S. Greenhalgh, S.T. Pinho

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109404

阻止纤维增强聚合物层压板的不稳定压缩裂纹增长-超越“无增长”设计教条

The design of fibre-reinforced composites is currently constrained by their poor performance under compression, compared to their tensile behaviour, especially when in-service damage is present. Accentuating this disparity is the absence of effective methods to safely control fracture propagation once unstable compressive failure initiates in a component. Consequently, composites are perceived as brittle and unsafe, restricting industry to a ‘no-damage growth’ design philosophy. Developing methods to tolerate compression crack growth, particularly in larger structures, would represent a significant advance towards fully realising the structural potential of composites. Thus, this study aims to enhance compressive response of fibre-reinforced structures by developing a concept for failure-tolerant components. This concept seeks to arrest unstable failures, compartmentalizing the loss of mechanical properties and extending structural performance following an initial failure. A ply-discontinuity feature is proposed, locally replacing 0° oriented plies with carefully selected off-axis ones. This feature effectively reflects and diverts the energy associated with compressive kink-band propagation while also modifying the laminate’s failure modes. As a result, the laminate successfully arrests rapidly growing cracks (propagating at ∼ 1 km/s) and increases the strain upon final element failure. To validate the proposed concept, test elements were designed and manufactured using IM7/8552 carbon-fibre-reinforced epoxy. Mechanical tests demonstrated the effectiveness of the feature, remarkably enhancing the strain tolerance upon final failure by over a third, compared to a suitable baseline. Fractography was employed to characterise the failure mechanis ms, such as microbuckling and in-plane shear, and to deepen the understanding of the morphological aspects of the arrest feature.

与拉伸性能相比，纤维增强复合材料的压缩性能较差，特别是在使用过程中存在损伤时，这限制了纤维增强复合材料的设计。当构件发生不稳定压缩破坏时，缺乏有效的方法来安全控制裂缝扩展，这加剧了这种差异。因此，复合材料被认为是易碎和不安全的，限制了工业的“无损伤增长”设计理念。开发能够容忍压缩裂纹扩展的方法，特别是在较大的结构中，将代表着充分实现复合材料结构潜力的重大进步。因此，本研究旨在通过开发一种容错构件的概念来增强纤维增强结构的压缩响应。这一概念旨在阻止不稳定故障，区分机械性能的损失，并在初始故障后扩展结构性能。提出了一种层间不连续特征，用精心选择的离轴层局部替换0°取向层。这一特征有效地反映和转移了与压缩扭结带传播相关的能量，同时也改变了层压板的破坏模式。结果，层合板成功地阻止了快速增长的裂纹（以~ 1 km/s的速度扩展），并增加了最终元件失效时的应变。为了验证所提出的概念，使用IM7/8552碳纤维增强环氧树脂设计和制造了测试元件。机械测试证明了该特性的有效性，与合适的基线相比，在最终失效时显著提高了三分之一以上的应变容限。断口学被用来表征破坏机制，如微屈曲和面内剪切，并加深对截住特征的形态学方面的理解。

Composites Part B: Engineering

Three-Dimensional Modeling of Hard-Magnetic Soft Continuum Robots with Composite Magnetoactive Elastomers under Nonuniform Magnetic Fields

Alireza Moezi, Ramin Sedaghati, Subhash Rakheja

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113174

非均匀磁场下复合磁活性弹性体硬磁软连续体机器人的三维建模

This study presents a novel theoretical and experimental investigation through the development of a comprehensive three-dimensional an alytical framework for hard-magnetic soft continuum robots (HMSCRs) actuated by nonuniform magnetic fields, explicitly incorporating the magnetic field gradient generated by a permanent magnet through both magnetic torque and body force, while also accounting for axial strain and gravity. The permanent magnet’s five degrees of freedom, including three translational and two rotational motions, are embedded in the formulation to capture realistic field–structure coupling for arbitrary poses. The geometrically nonlinear behavior of the HMSCR, involving coupled stretching, twisting, and nonplanar bending, is represented using Euler angles. To address Euler singularities, an adaptive switching mechanis m is designed to automatically switch between the ZYX and YZX Euler sequences, effectively mitigating gimbal lock. The model is derived from the principle of minimum potential energy and solved using the Galerkin method with a dogleg optimization algorithm. A deep neural network surrogate, trained on finite element magnetic field data and fine-tuned with experimental measurements, enables rapid prediction of nonuniform magnetic fields. A novel experimental setup is developed, featuring a precision-molded HMSCR actuated by a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm that positions and orients the magnet within a calibrated workspace. The proposed model is validated through benchmark studies, including comparative ana lyses with quaternion-based formulations and new experiments, all demonstrating excellent agreement between the developed model and experimental and numerical results. Moreover, numerical an alyses, including bifurcation ana lysis, are conducted to assess the three-dimensional nonlinear response of the HMSCR under realistic nonuniform magnetic fields.

本研究提出了一种新的理论和实验研究，通过开发一个全面的三维分析框架，为非均匀磁场驱动的硬磁软连续体机器人（HMSCRs）提供了一种新的理论和实验研究，明确地考虑了永磁体通过磁转矩和体力产生的磁场梯度，同时也考虑了轴向应变和重力。永磁体的五个自由度，包括三个平移运动和两个旋转运动，被嵌入到公式中，以捕捉任意姿态的真实场结构耦合。用欧拉角表示了HMSCR的几何非线性行为，包括耦合拉伸、扭转和非平面弯曲。为了解决欧拉奇异性，设计了一种自适应切换机制，在ZYX和YZX欧拉序列之间自动切换，有效地减轻了万向锁紧。该模型由最小势能原理导出，采用伽辽金方法和狗腿优化算法求解。一个深度神经网络代理，在有限元磁场数据上进行训练，并通过实验测量进行微调，可以快速预测非均匀磁场。开发了一种新的实验装置，其特点是由六自由度机械臂驱动的精密模制HMSCR，该机械臂在校准的工作空间内定位和定向磁铁。通过基准研究，包括与基于四元数的公式和新实验的对比分析，验证了所提出的模型与实验和数值结果之间的良好一致性。此外，采用分岔分析等数值方法，对实际非均匀磁场作用下HMSCR的三维非线性响应进行了研究。

Fracture performance of SiO2-coated CNTs reinforced alkali-activated composites: A novel interface engineering strategy

Wanli Wang, Baomin Wang

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113177

二氧化硅涂层碳纳米管增强碱活化复合材料的断裂性能：一种新的界面工程策略

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has shown great potential as reinforcements for alkali-activated slag/fly ash (SFA), yet their effectiveness is often limited by weak interfacial bonding, leading to poor load transfer and premature crack propagation. To address this issue, SiO2-coated CNTs (SiO2-CNTs) with a nano-silica shell were synthesized and systematically compared with pristine and functionalized CNTs (p-CNTs, f-CNTs). Three-point bending tests demonstrated that at an optimal dosage of 0.075%, SiO2-CNTs increased initiation toughness, peak toughness, and fracture energy of SFA composites by 91.1%, 155.7%, and 362.1%, respectively. Digital image correlation confirmed that incorporation of SiO2-CNTs extended the fracture process zone by up to 81.8%, slowed crack propagation, and enhanced crack tortuosity. Microstructural ana lyses and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the SiO2 shell not only improved CNT dispersion and interfacial adhesion but also formed robust Si–O–C bonds, resulting in stronger anchoring. Consequently, the pull-out energy of SiO2-CNTs was enhanced by factors of 11.5 and 2.57 compared to p-CNTs and f-CNTs. These findings demonstrate that nano-SiO2 coating effectively increases pull-out resistance and bridging capacity of CNTs, thereby delaying crack initiation, slowing propagation, and markedly improving the fracture toughness of SFA composites.

碳纳米管（CNTs）作为碱活性渣/粉煤灰（SFA）的增强材料显示出巨大的潜力，但其增强效果往往受到界面结合薄弱的限制，导致载荷传递不良和裂纹过早扩展。为了解决这一问题，我们合成了带有纳米二氧化硅外壳的SiO2-CNTs，并与原始的和功能化的CNTs （p-CNTs, f-CNTs）进行了系统的比较。三点弯曲试验表明，在0.075%的最佳添加量下，SiO2-CNTs使SFA复合材料的起始韧性、峰值韧性和断裂能分别提高了91.1%、155.7%和362.1%。数字图像相关性证实，SiO2-CNTs的掺入使断裂过程区延长了81.8%，减缓了裂纹扩展，增强了裂纹弯曲度。微观结构分析和分子动力学模拟表明，SiO2壳层不仅改善了碳纳米管的分散性和界面粘附性，而且形成了坚固的Si-O-C键，从而产生更强的锚定。因此，与p-CNTs和f-CNTs相比，SiO2-CNTs的拔出能分别提高了11.5和2.57倍。研究结果表明，纳米sio2涂层能有效提高CNTs的抗拉拔能力和桥接能力，从而延缓裂纹萌生、减缓裂纹扩展，显著提高SFA复合材料的断裂韧性。

Strain-variance damage modeling of microfiber-reinforced recycled cementitious composites via in-situ 4D CT and DVC

Changqing Wang, Yuelan Lu

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113172

 

基于原位4D CT和DVC的微纤维增强再生胶凝复合材料应变变化损伤建模

This study investigates the damage evolution of microfiber-reinforced recycled cementitious composites under uniaxial compression, using in-situ 4D CT and digital volume correlation (DVC). Six characteristic loading stages were an alyzed to observe crack development, strain localization, and pore evolution. Results show that a 2.0% fiber content enhanced peak stress by 11% and ultimate strain by 65%, providing the best strength-ductility balance, whereas a 2.5% fiber dosage caused fiber agglomeration and early cracking. A novel strain-variance-based damage variable was proposed and incorporated into an improved Weibull model, achieving high fitting accuracy. The model establishes clear physical links between damage evolution and fiber bridging effects, and the proposed strain-variance descriptor provides transferable insights for failure an alysis of fiber-reinforced composites.

本研究采用原位4D CT和数字体积相关（DVC）技术研究了单轴压缩下微纤维增强再生胶凝复合材料的损伤演化。分析了6个特征加载阶段，观察了裂纹发育、应变局部化和孔隙演化。结果表明，当纤维含量为2.0%时，峰值应力提高11%，极限应变提高65%，达到了最佳的强度-塑性平衡，而当纤维含量为2.5%时，纤维会发生结块和早期开裂。提出了一种新的基于应变方差的损伤变量，并将其纳入改进的威布尔模型中，获得了较高的拟合精度。该模型在损伤演化和纤维桥接效应之间建立了清晰的物理联系，所提出的应变方差描述符为纤维增强复合材料的失效分析提供了可转移的见解。

Effect of Interfacial Bonding Conditions on the Bending Behavior of Hybrid Aluminum/Thermoplastic Composite Tubes Manufactured via Automated Fiber Placement

Mohammadali Rastak, Suong Van Hoa

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113175

界面键合条件对自动铺布铝/热塑性复合材料管弯曲性能的影响

Hybrid aluminum/thermoplastic composite tubes manufactured by automated fiber placement (AFP) are promising energy-absorbing members, yet their performance is governed by the aluminum–laminate interface. We study two nominally identical lay-ups that differ only in the first ply at the aluminum surface (CF/PEEK vs. GF/PEEK) and link interfacial quality to the four-point-bending response. Optical microscopy shows that the GF/PEEK first ply produces s maller gaps at the interface. Correspondingly, mechanical tests exhibit higher initial stiffness, higher peak load, and greater energy absorption relative to the CF/PEEK case. A finite-element framework that replicates the test setup varies only the interface condition—no-bond (contact/friction), partial-bond with a zero-thickness cohesive-zone model (CZM), and full-bond—while bracketing failure with two criteria: a conservative maximum-stress trigger and a mode-aware Hashin formulation. The GF/PEEK configuration shows similarity to the defined partial-bond response, the CF/PEEK configuration to the no-bond limit, and the full-bond case defines an achievable upper bound. Overall, the results demonstrate that interfacial condition is an effective lever for improving bending performance in hybrid aluminum/thermoplastic composite tubes.

采用自动纤维铺放（AFP）技术制造的混合铝/热塑性复合材料管是一种很有前途的吸能构件，但其性能受铝-层压板界面的制约。我们研究了两种名义上相同的铺层，仅在铝表面的第一层不同（CF/PEEK vs. GF/PEEK），并将界面质量与四点弯曲响应联系起来。光学显微镜显示，GF/PEEK第一层在界面处产生较小的间隙。相应的，相对于CF/PEEK材料，力学测试显示出更高的初始刚度、更高的峰值载荷和更大的能量吸收。复 制测试设置的有限元框架仅改变界面条件-无键合（接触/摩擦），零厚度黏结区模型（CZM）的部分键合和完全键合，同时用两个标准来划分失效：保守的最大应力触发和模式感知的Hashin公式。GF/PEEK构型与已定义的部分键响应相似，CF/PEEK构型与无键极限相似，而全键情况定义了可实现的上界。综上所述，界面条件是提高铝/热塑性复合材料管弯曲性能的有效杠杆。

Sustainable lunar additive manufacturing of high regolith-loaded PEKK composites for space infrastructure

Farshad Malekpour, Marjan Abdali, Krzysztof Skonieczny, Mohammad Azami, Mehdi Hojjati

doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113176

 

用于空间基础设施的高风化层负载PEKK复合材料的可持续月球增材制造

Minimizing the cost and complexity of space missions requires sustainable strategies for in-situ manufacturing using local resources. Additive manufacturing, particularly material extrusion (MEX), offers a practical route for fabricating lunar infrastructure components from regolith-reinforced thermoplastics. This work presents the development and characterization of Polyether-Ketone-Ketone (PEKK)/Lunar Regolith Simulant (LRS) composites with loadings up to 60 wt%, fabricated via twin-screw extrusion. Thermal, rheological, and microstructural an alyses revealed uniform LRS dispersion and identified a critical viscosity threshold above 30 wt% that coincides with a ductile-to-brittle fracture transition. Density and porosity measurements showed that annealing increased porosity at low filler contents but reduced it at high loadings through matrix densification. Mechanical testing confirmed the interplay between filler fraction, fracture mode, and post-processing, with annealed 60 wt% composites achieving a 13.7 % tensile strength improvement compared to their as-printed counterparts. A novel adapted tensile strength model was proposed, explicitly integrating volume fraction, porosity, and fracture regime, and demonstrated strong agreement with experimental results across both amorphous and annealed states. Demonstration prints of complex lunar rover wheel prototypes validated printability at high regolith contents and highlighted superior dimensional stability after annealing. These findings establish a material–process–property framework for defect-controlled additive manufacturing of high-regolith composites, supporting the design of resilient, resource-efficient structures for long-term lunar infrastructure under extreme thermal cycling, radiation, and vacuum conditions to support sustainable in-situ aerospace additive manufacturing development for future space missions.

将空间任务的成本和复杂性降到最低，需要利用当地资源进行就地制造的可持续战略。增材制造，特别是材料挤压（MEX），为用风化层增强热塑性塑料制造月球基础设施部件提供了一条实用的途径。这项工作介绍了聚醚酮酮(PEKK)/月球风化模拟（LRS）复合材料的发展和表征，其负载高达60% wt%，通过双螺杆挤压制造。热、流变学和微观结构分析表明，LRS分散均匀，临界粘度阈值高于30% wt%，与韧脆性断裂转变相吻合。密度和孔隙率测量表明，在填料含量低的情况下，退火增加了孔隙率，而在填料含量高的情况下，退火通过基体致密化降低了孔隙率。力学测试证实了填料含量、断裂模式和后处理之间的相互作用，与打印的复合材料相比，退火后的60 wt%复合材料的抗拉强度提高了13.7%。提出了一种新的适应性抗拉强度模型，明确地整合了体积分数、孔隙率和断裂状态，并与非晶态和退火态的实验结果非常吻合。复杂月球车车轮原型的示范打印验证了在高风化层含量下的打印性，并突出了退火后的优越尺寸稳定性。这些发现为高风化层复合材料的缺陷控制增材制造建立了材料-工艺-性能框架，支持在极端热循环、辐射和真空条件下为长期月球基础设施设计弹性、资源高效的结构，以支持未来太空任务中可持续的原位航空航天增材制造发展。

Composites Science and Technology

Direct electroplating of CFRP composite laminates assisted by laser surface modification

Jiashu Sheng, Kai Luo, Xiaochong Wang, Zhi Han, Quanzhou Yao, Lin Ye

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111431

 

激光表面改性辅助CFRP复合材料层合板的直接电镀

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) are widely used across various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and electronics, owing to their exceptional mechanical properties and superior strength-to-weight ratios. The present study endeavors to overcome the inherent electrical conductivity limitation of epoxy resin-based CFRPs by achieving direct electroplating onto the surface of CFRP laminates. This approach facilitates the development of multifunctional applications that necessitate high surface electrical or thermal conductivity. To this end, a laser ablation technique is introduced to remove the resin-rich layer on the CFRP surface. Subsequently, a conventional copper electroplating method is employed to deposit a robust and continuous coating onto the CFRP laminate surface. The impact of laser ablation parameters on both the CFRP laminate and the subsequent electroplating process is meticulously ana lyzed, utilizing scanning electron microscopy to assess morphology characteristics. The optimal copper coating demonstrates remarkable electrical conductivity, exhibiting an electrical resistance that is only one order of magnitude higher than that of pure copper film. Furthermore, out-of-plane thermal conductivity enhancements of  and  are observed at  and , respectively, compared to the untreated CFRP laminate.

碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）由于其卓越的机械性能和卓越的强度重量比，被广泛应用于各个行业，包括航空航天，汽车和电子产品。本研究试图克服环氧树脂基CFRP固有的导电性限制，实现在CFRP层压板表面直接电镀。这种方法促进了需要高表面导电性或导热性的多功能应用的发展。为此，采用激光烧蚀技术去除CFRP表面的富树脂层。随后，采用传统的镀铜方法在CFRP层压板表面沉积坚固且连续的涂层。激光烧蚀参数对CFRP层压板和随后的电镀工艺的影响进行了细致的分析，利用扫描电子显微镜来评估形貌特征。最佳铜涂层表现出卓越的导电性，其电阻仅比纯铜膜高一个数量级。此外，与未经处理的CFRP层叠板相比，分别在和处观察到和的面外导热性增强。

Process-structure–property relation for elastoplastic behavior of polymer nanocomposites with agglomerates and interfacial gradients

Prajakta Prabhune, Anlan Chen, Yigitcan Comlek, Wei Chen, L. Catherine Brinson

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111435

具有团聚体和界面梯度的聚合物纳米复合材料弹塑性行为的工艺-结构-性能关系

Polymer nanocomposites, inherently tailorable materials, are potentially capable of providing higher strength to weight ratio than conventional hard metals. However, their disordered nature makes processing control and hence tailoring properties to desired target values a challenge. Additionally, the interfacial region, also called the interphase, is a critical material phase in these heterogeneous materials and its extent depends on variety of microstructure features like particle loading and dispersion or inter-particle distances. Understanding process-structure–property (PSP) relation can provide guidelines for process and constituents’ design. Our work explores nuances of PSP relation for polymer nanocomposites with attractive pairing between particles and the bulk polymer. Past works have shown that particle functionalization can help tweak these interactions in attractive or repulsive type and can cause slow or fast decay of stiffness properties in polymer nanocomposites. In this work, we develop a material model that can represent decay for s mall strain elastoplastic(Young’s modulus and yield strength) properties in interfacial regions and simulate representative or statistical volume element behavior. The interfacial elastoplastic material model is devised by combining local stiffness and glass transition measurements from atomic force microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. This model is combined with a microstructural design of experiments for agglomerated nanocomposite systems. Agglomerations are particle aggregations arising from processing artifacts. Twin screw extrusion process can reduce extent of aggregation in hot pressed samples via erosion or rupture depending on screw rpms and torque. We connect this process-structure relation to structure–property relation that emerges from our study. We discover that balancing between local stress concentration zones (SCZ) and interfacial property decay governs how fast yield stress can improve by breaking down agglomeration via erosion. Rupture is relatively less effective in helping improve nanocomposite yield strength. We also observe an inflection point where incremental increase brought on by rupture is slowed due to increasing SCZ and saturation in interphase percolation.

聚合物纳米复合材料是一种固有的可定制材料，具有比传统硬金属提供更高强度重量比的潜力。然而，它们的无序性使得处理控制和裁剪属性到期望的目标值成为一项挑战。此外，界面区域，也称为界面相，是这些非均质材料中的关键材料相，其程度取决于各种微观结构特征，如颗粒负载和分散或颗粒间距离。理解工艺-结构-性能（PSP）关系可以为工艺和部件的设计提供指导。我们的工作探讨了聚合物纳米复合材料的PSP关系的细微差别，粒子和体聚合物之间有吸引力的配对。过去的研究表明，粒子功能化可以帮助将这些相互作用调整为吸引或排斥类型，并可能导致聚合物纳米复合材料的刚度性能缓慢或快速衰减。在这项工作中，我们开发了一个材料模型，可以表示界面区域的小应变弹塑性（杨氏模量和屈服强度）特性的衰减，并模拟代表性或统计体积元行为。结合原子力显微镜和荧光显微镜的局部刚度和玻璃化转变测量，设计了界面弹塑性材料模型。该模型结合了团聚纳米复合材料体系的微观结构实验设计。聚集是由加工工件产生的粒子聚集。双螺杆挤压工艺可以减少热压样品中因螺杆转速和扭矩不同而产生的侵蚀或破裂的聚集程度。我们将这种过程-结构关系与我们研究中出现的结构-性质关系联系起来。我们发现，局部应力集中区（SCZ）和界面性能衰减之间的平衡决定了通过侵蚀破坏团聚体来提高屈服应力的速度。断裂对提高纳米复合材料屈服强度的作用相对较小。我们还观察到一个拐点，在这个拐点上，由于相间渗流中SCZ和饱和度的增加，破裂带来的增量增加减慢了。