今日更新:Composite Structures 2 篇,Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 3 篇,Composites Part B: Engineering 1 篇,Composites Science and Technology 1 篇
Crash performance study of a novel re-entrant hexagonal honeycomb composite guardrail on highways using numerical simulation
Buyu Jia, Zhaofan Liang, Xiaolin Yu, Shenglin Zhang
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119717
一种新型可入式六边形蜂窝复合护栏在高速公路上的碰撞性能数值模拟研究
Conventional concrete guardrails typically suffer from excessive rigidity and insufficient cushioning capacity. In contrast, re-entrant honeycomb structures with negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) offer excellent impact resistance and energy absorption capabilities. In this study, a novel SA-grade F-shaped composite crashworthy guardrail was proposed by embedding a re-entrant hexagonal honeycomb structure as an energy-absorbing layer to enhance crash energy dissipation. The accuracy of the finite element (FE) model for the proposed guardrail was validated through quasi-static compression tests on 3D-printed honeycomb specimens, showing good agreement with the simulation results. The applicability of the vehicle FE models was confirmed in accordance with relevant safety standards. Sensitivity ana lyses were conducted to optimize the honeycomb structure configuration, including geometric design, material selection, and cell wall thickness. A comprehensive crashworthiness evaluation was then performed under various vehicle–guardrail collision scenarios following the specification requirements. The results demonstrate that, compared to the F-shaped guardrail, the proposed design reduces the peak impact forces by 15.1%, 25.2%, and 26.7% for passenger car, bus, and truck, respectively, indicating a significant improvement in cushioning performance. This design concept provides practical insights into the application of auxetic honeycomb structures in the development of advanced guardrail systems.
传统的混凝土护栏通常存在刚度过大和缓冲能力不足的问题。相反,具有负泊松比(NPR)的再入式蜂窝结构具有出色的抗冲击性和能量吸收能力。本研究提出了一种新型的sa级f型复合材料防撞护栏,该防撞护栏采用可重新进入的六角形蜂窝结构作为吸能层,以增强碰撞耗能。通过3d打印蜂窝试件的准静态压缩试验,验证了所建护栏有限元模型的准确性,与仿真结果吻合较好。根据相关安全标准,验证了整车有限元模型的适用性。通过灵敏度分析优化蜂窝结构配置,包括几何设计、材料选择和蜂窝壁厚度。然后根据规范要求,在各种车辆-护栏碰撞场景下进行了全面的耐撞性评估。结果表明,与f型护栏相比,该设计可使乘用车、客车和货车的峰值冲击力分别降低15.1%、25.2%和26.7%,缓冲性能显著提高。这一设计理念为消声蜂窝结构在先进护栏系统开发中的应用提供了实际的见解。
Cross-laminated bamboo and timber: a systematic literature review
Larissa Fé Alves, Victor De Araujo, André Luis Christoforo
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119731
竹材交叉叠层:系统文献综述
The construction sector’s demand for sustainable, high-performance materials has driven the development of hybrid systems such as cross-laminated bamboo and timber (CLBT). This systematic literature review consolidates and an alyzes the current state of CLBT research, focusing on structural performance, manufacturing, and an alytical, numerical, and experimental methodologies. A bibliometric and content ana lysis was conducted to identify thematic trends, mechanical properties, and application domains. Findings show that CLBT generally surpasses cross-laminated timber (CLT) in compressive strength and shear performance, especially when engineered bamboo products are used in outer layers, though bending remains comparable or slightly inferior. Experimental procedures are largely based on adapted CLT standards, with increasing use of bamboo-specific international standards. An alytical models such as Wu–Wei and Richard–Abbott, and numerical models implemented in Abaqus and ANSYS, demonstrate good predictive accuracy for bending behavior and thermal trans mittance. Manufacturing practices vary widely in materials, adhesives, and layer arrangements, underscoring the need for standardization. Structurally, CLBT has been proposed for beams, columns, floors, walls, and roofs, supported by experimental and computational data on its bidirectional strength, stiffness, and thermal performance. This review identifies performance benchmarks, modeling practices, and methodological gaps, supporting future standardization and broader application of CLBT in sustainable construction systems.
建筑行业对可持续、高性能材料的需求推动了混合系统的发展,如交叉层压竹和木材(CLBT)。这篇系统的文献综述整合并分析了CLBT研究的现状,重点是结构性能、制造、分析、数值和实验方法。进行了文献计量学和内容分析,以确定主题趋势,机械性能和应用领域。研究结果表明,CLBT在抗压强度和抗剪性能方面普遍优于交叉层压木材(CLT),特别是在外层使用工程竹制品时,尽管弯曲仍然相当或略差。实验程序主要基于经调整的CLT标准,并越来越多地使用针对竹子的国际标准。Wu-Wei和Richard-Abbott等分析模型,以及在Abaqus和ANSYS中实现的数值模型,都证明了弯曲行为和热透射率的良好预测精度。制造实践在材料、粘合剂和层安排方面差异很大,强调了标准化的必要性。在结构上,CLBT已被提议用于梁、柱、地板、墙壁和屋顶,并得到了其双向强度、刚度和热性能的实验和计算数据的支持。本综述确定了性能基准、建模实践和方法差距,支持CLBT在可持续建筑系统中的未来标准化和更广泛的应用。
An alysis of the effect of impact loadings on the gas permeability properties of CF-PA6 composites
Jan Condé-Wolter, Max Vater, Martin Auer, Christian Düreth, Anton Gelencsér, Alexander Liebsch, Christoph Ebert, Maik Gude
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109323
冲击载荷对CF-PA6复合材料透气性的影响分析
This study investigates the damage-dependent permeability properties of polyamide 6 based carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CF-PA6) by an alyzing the helium gas permeability differences before and after low-velocity impact loading. For this, a high-pressure permeability test rig was developed and is presented which allows quantitative measurements of gas leakage through composites. Two types of composites, braided (BR) and unidirectional (UD) cross-plies, were an alyzed. As the textile architecture affects the damage structure, this allows a larger variety of damages and thus deeper understanding of the damage dependent permeability properties. Prior to impact loading, both braided and unidirectional cross-ply specimens exhibited near-Fickian gas diffusion behavior. However, permeability measurements revealed a significant difference between both, with unidirectional cross-ply specimens demonstrating 10 times higher permeability compared to the braided specimens. Microstructural investigations attributed this disparity to the higher crack density observed in unidirectional cross-ply specimens. Post impact loading, the permeability of both specimen types increased significantly by several orders of magnitude and showed no agreement with Fick’s law. Microstructural ana lysis revealed the formation of interconnected crack networks throughout the impacted specimens, which facilitated large gas flows through the damaged regions. The study shows that the presented test rig is capable of measuring gas permeability through composites in a large range, from diffusion driven processes ( ∼ 1 0 − 14 m 2 s ) up to gas flow driven processes through damage networks (up to ∼ 1 0 − 9 m 2 s ). Additionally, the study shows the complex relationship between damage and permeability, e.g. how internal damage influences permeability and how the gas transport changes as soon as cross-linked crack networks are present.
通过分析低速冲击载荷前后的氦气渗透率差异,研究了聚酰胺6基碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料(CF-PA6)的损伤相关渗透性能。为此,开发并提出了一种高压渗透性试验台,可以定量测量通过复合材料泄漏的气体。对编织复合材料(BR)和单向交叉复合材料(UD)进行了分析。由于织物结构影响损伤结构,这允许更多种类的损伤,从而更深入地了解损伤相关的透气性。在冲击加载前,编织和单向交叉铺层试样均表现出接近菲克式的气体扩散行为。然而,渗透率测量显示了两者之间的显著差异,单向交叉铺层试件的渗透率是编织试件的10倍。显微组织研究将这种差异归因于在单向交叉铺层试样中观察到的更高的裂纹密度。冲击加载后,两种试样的渗透率均显著增加了几个数量级,且不符合菲克定律。微观结构分析表明,在整个冲击试样中形成了相互连接的裂纹网络,这有利于大量气体通过损伤区域。研究表明,该试验台能够在大范围内测量复合材料的透气性,从扩散驱动的过程(~ 10−14 m 2 s)到气体流动驱动的过程(~ 10−9 m 2 s)。此外,研究还揭示了损伤与渗透率之间的复杂关系,例如内部损伤如何影响渗透率,以及一旦存在交联裂缝网络,气体输运如何变化。
Graphene aerogel microspheres with radial pore channels based on PVA-GO crosslinked carbonization strategy for broadband microwave absorption with ultra-low filler loading
Huimin Zhou, Hongjian Gu, Chenghao Wang, Kaiyuan Fan, Xi Chen, Yuxi Pan, Xigao Jian, Cheng Liu
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109331
基于PVA-GO交联碳化策略的径向孔通道石墨烯气凝胶微球宽带微波吸收
Lightweight-grade graphene aerogels are recognized as a rising star in the field of microwave absorption. Nevertheless, conventional ice-templated graphene aerogels are prone to local structural collapse due to their disordered pores, which seriously weakens the multilevel reflection of electromagnetic waves and the interface polarization loss, limiting their broadband absorption. Herein, in this study, PVA-derived carbon/rGO aerogel microspheres (PGA) with strong interfacial combination and three-dimensional network structure of radial pore channels were prepared by introducing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-assisted assembly and combining with the spray freeze drying and carbonization method. The dynamic transition of PVA morphology from nanowires to nanosheets was driven by the control of the concentration of PVA to form a continuous heterogeneous interface and optimize the PGA structure. The structure and morphology of the resultant graphene microspheres were characterized by FTIR, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and SEM. Furthermore, the conductivity, and the microwave absorption properties were characterized by an automatic four-point probe resistivity tester and vector network ana lyser, respectively, and the microwave absorption mechanis m was investigated. The results showed that the optimized P5GA microspheres demonstrate exceptional broadband absorption with the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.52 GHz and the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −50.3 dB containing 2 wt% P5GA.
轻量化石墨烯气凝胶是微波吸收领域公认的后起之秀。然而,传统冰模板石墨烯气凝胶由于气孔无序,容易发生局部结构崩塌,严重削弱了电磁波的多层反射和界面极化损耗,限制了其宽带吸收。本研究通过引入聚乙烯醇(PVA)辅助组装,结合喷雾冷冻干燥和炭化方法,制备了具有强界面结合和径向孔通道三维网络结构的PVA衍生碳/rGO气凝胶微球(PGA)。通过控制PVA的浓度驱动PVA形态从纳米线到纳米片的动态转变,形成连续的非均相界面,优化PGA结构。用FTIR、XPS、拉曼光谱和扫描电镜对合成的石墨烯微球的结构和形貌进行了表征。利用自动四点探头电阻率测试仪和矢量网络分析仪分别对其电导率和微波吸收特性进行了表征,并对其微波吸收机理进行了研究。结果表明,优化后的P5GA微球具有良好的宽带吸收性能,有效吸收带宽(EAB)为5.52 GHz,最小反射损耗(RLmin)为- 50.3 dB,含2 wt% P5GA。
Through-thickness compaction response of reinforcement fabrics: Development of a test standard
A.X.H. Yong, A. Endruweit, A. George, D. May, Y.A. Aksoy, M.A. Ali, T. Allen, M. Bender, M. Bodaghi, B. Caglar, H. Caglar, A. Chiminelli, S. Comas-Cardona, R. de Ribains, J. Dittmann, C. Dransfeld, E. Fauster, A. Guilloux, P. Hubert, S. Idapalapati, J. Ivens, J. Janzen, Y. Jiang, T. Khan, M. Laspalas, F. LeBel, J. Lee, X. Liu, M. Lizaranzu, S.V. Lomov, C. López, K. Masania, V. Michaud, P. Middendorf, S. Miguel, S.S. Narayana, C.H. Park, S. Ravisankar Padma, L. Riffard, C. Pinger, V. Rougier, H. Sas, D. Sayinbas, P. Sousa, M. Sozer, M. Steinhardt, R. Umer, J.D. Vincent, V. Werlen, O. Yuksel
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109348
增强织物的全厚度压实响应:测试标准的制定
Characterisation of the compaction response of reinforcement fabrics is an important component in the design of composite manufacturing processes. To standardise a best practice method, 22 international organisations participated in an exercise to assess the viability and reproducibility of the method discussed in this work. All participants were supplied with the same multiaxial E-glass fibre non-crimp fabric and instructed to measure the compaction stress as a function of the specimen thickness following a set of guidelines. The scatter in results between participants was quantified in terms of the coefficient of variation (CV). The CV of the maximum compaction stress determined at a target specimen thickness of 3 mm (for 10 fabric layers) was 42 % for dry specimens and 46 % for wet specimens, however this was influenced by scatter in the thickness values, which deviated from the target. The CV of the specimen thickness at a compaction stress of 105 Pa was 4 %. In addition, a power law model and a model based on bending of beams were fitted to the compaction curves. Both generally produced fits with high values of the coefficient of determination. The observed level of scatter is thought to be caused by issues with the implementation of the procedures and by variability in the specimen properties, as well as the very steep variation of the force/thickness curve at the required target. The guidelines used here aim to minimise inaccuracies in the test method and will be proposed as a test protocol for standardisation.
增强织物的压实响应特性是复合材料制造工艺设计中的一个重要组成部分。为了使最佳实践方法标准化,22个国际组织参加了一项评估本工作中讨论的方法的可行性和可重复性的工作。所有参与者都提供了相同的多轴e -玻璃纤维无卷曲织物,并指示测量压实应力作为试样厚度的函数,遵循一套指导方针。受试者之间结果的散点用变异系数(CV)来量化。在目标试样厚度为3 mm(10层织物)时,干燥试样的最大压实应力CV值为42 %,湿试样的CV值为46 %,但这受到偏离目标的厚度值的分散的影响。在105 Pa压实应力下,试样厚度的CV值为4 %。此外,还建立了幂律模型和基于梁弯曲的模型来拟合压实曲线。这两种方法的拟合结果通常都具有较高的决定系数。观察到的散射水平被认为是由程序的实施问题和试样特性的可变性引起的,以及在所需目标处力/厚度曲线的非常陡峭的变化。此处使用的指南旨在最大限度地减少测试方法中的不准确性,并将作为标准化测试协议提出。
Biostructure-Inspired High Entropy Carbon-Like Material Derived from Undaria Pinnatifida for Room-Temperature High-Sensitivity Hydrazine Detection
Jialu Fang, Ping Hu, Jun Sun, Bo Ran, Wei Zheng, Yu Long, Zhaofeng Wu, Haiming Duan
doi:10.1016/j.composites b.2025.113085
源自裙带菜的生物结构启发高熵类碳材料用于室温高灵敏度联氨检测
High-entropy carbon materials, a new class of functional materials, leverage multi-component synergy to precisely tune electronic structures and surface reactivity. Inspired by this concept, we developed biostructure-inspired high-entropy-like carbon materials derived from Undaria pinnatifida and applied them to room-temperature gas sensing. Freeze-drying followed by gradient carbonization produced a hierarchical turbinate-like porosity that mimics canine olfaction, while intrinsic multi-element (C/O/Na/Ca/P/S) coordination activated strong gas-surface interactions. DFT calculations confirmed that Ca doping increases hydrazine (N2H4) adsorption energy from -0.412 eV to -1.532 eV and charge transfer from 0.039e to 0.070e, and elevates O2 adsorption energy from -0.160 eV to -1.524 eV with charge transfer rising from 0.181e to 0.790e, validating the dopant’s role in boosting surface reactivity. Strategic defect and morphology engineering, coupled with multi-element self-doping, further enriched active sites, enabling the UD-500 to achieve a 14.12k% response to 500 ppm N2H4 at room temperature with a theoretical detection limit of 1.63 ppm, while exhibiting excellent repeatability, long-term stability (<3.5 % drift over 80 days), and humidity tolerance (11-94% RH). This work establishes a marine-biomass route to high-performance gas sensors and advances the valorization of waste biomass.
高熵碳材料是一类新型的功能材料,利用多组分协同作用来精确调整电子结构和表面反应性。受到这一概念的启发,我们开发了源自裙带菜的生物结构启发的高熵类碳材料,并将其应用于室温气体传感。冻干后的梯度碳化产生了类似犬嗅觉的分层鼻甲状孔隙,而内在的多元素(C/O/Na/Ca/P/S)配位激活了强烈的气-表面相互作用。DFT计算证实,Ca掺杂使肼(N2H4)的吸附能从-0.412 eV提高到-1.532 eV,电荷转移能从0.039e提高到0.070e;将O2的吸附能从-0.160 eV提高到-1.524 eV,电荷转移能从0.181e提高到0.790e,验证了Ca掺杂对表面反应活性的促进作用。战略缺陷和形态学工程,再加上多元素自掺杂,进一步丰富了活性位点,使dd -500在室温下对500 ppm N2H4的响应达到14.12k%,理论检测限为1.63 ppm,同时具有出色的重复性、长期稳定性(80天内漂移< 3.5%)和耐湿性(11-94% RH)。这项工作建立了一条海洋生物质通往高性能气体传感器的途径,并推进了废弃生物质的增值。
Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Transverse Crack Onset of Thin-Ply Carbon-Fiber Composites in Ambient and Cryogenic Conditions with Varying Fiber Types
Eduardo Szpoganicz, Fabian Hübner, Uwe Beier, Edgard Boutant, Holger Ruckdäschel
doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111401
常温和低温条件下不同纤维类型薄层碳纤维复合材料的力学性能和横向裂纹萌生研究
Transverse microcracking is a critical failure mode in carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) used in linerless cryogenic storage systems, yet reliable prediction of crack onset in cryogenic environments remains challenging. This study investigates CFRP laminates with different fiber modu li and ply thicknesses, and applies the LaRC03 embedded ply failure criterion to predict transverse crack initiation at 296 K and 77 K. The necessary engineering constants (energy release rates, tensile mod uli, shear modu li) were measured for each system in both environments and used in the model. Results show that intermediate modulus fibers provide the best balance of toughness and modulus, providing the greatest resistance to 90° ply microcracking under cryogenic conditions. High-tenacity fibers improve resistance to opening-mode cracks but are more prone to shear-driven damage, especially at 296 K where deformation levels are higher. High-modulus fibers presented lower transverse crack onset strength in both environments due to inherent brittleness. Fiber diameter also affects crack initiation through its influence on the ply thickness-to-fiber diameter ratio. The LaRC03 model correlated well with experimental results in both environments, with greater agreement for laminates at 77 K testing.
横向微裂纹是用于无衬底低温储存系统的碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRPs)的一种关键失效模式,但在低温环境中可靠地预测裂纹的发生仍然具有挑战性。以不同纤维模量和层厚的CFRP复合材料为研究对象,采用LaRC03嵌入层厚破坏准则预测296 K和77 K时的横向裂纹萌生。必要的工程常数(能量释放率,拉伸模量,剪切模量)在两种环境下的每个系统进行测量,并用于模型中。结果表明,中等模量纤维的韧性和模量达到最佳平衡,在低温条件下具有最大的抗90°微裂性能。高强度纤维提高了对开模裂纹的抵抗力,但更容易受到剪切驱动的损伤,特别是在296 K时,变形水平更高。高模量纤维由于固有脆性在两种环境下表现出较低的横向开裂强度。纤维直径也通过影响纤维厚度与纤维直径比来影响裂纹的起裂。LaRC03模型与两种环境下的实验结果相关良好,在77 K测试中层压板的一致性更强。