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突发:加拿大渥太华停车楼发生连续倒塌

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当地时间2月26日凌晨,渥太华市中心的一栋多层停车楼突然发生局部连续倒塌。

 

倒塌停车楼照片(图源ctvnews.ca)


渥太华消防局称,周二下午约4点55分,他们收到报警称,该停车场一根柱子出现了损坏。一位市民Jason Cole向911报告。“当我们经过时,看到一根横梁实际上已经断裂,并与其余部分分离。另外五根横梁也在重压下弯曲。我完全被震撼了,在我51年的生命中,从未见过这样的场景。”
 

周二下午倒塌前拍摄的主梁破坏的照片(图源ctvnews.ca)

 
周二下午倒塌前拍摄的主梁破坏的照片(图源Reddit)
 

周二下午倒塌前拍摄的主梁破坏的照片(图源ctvnews.ca)


收到报警后,警方对大楼进行了疏散,到周三凌晨4点47分,大楼最终倒塌,无人员伤亡。

 

倒塌后停车楼照片(图源ctvnews.ca)

 
 

倒塌后停车楼的照片(图源ctvnews.ca)


该停车楼建于1980年代,目前当地工程师倾向于认为引起大楼倒塌的主要原因是积雪荷载,特别是清扫积雪时将过多的积雪堆积在倒塌跨。如果是这样的话,那就是一个典型的因为超载引起的连续倒塌。


 

清理的积雪被堆积在倒塌跨(图源Reddit)


从结构体系上看,该停车楼属于北美地区常见的装配式预应力混凝土停车楼。一个非常值得注意的细节是,虽然很多工程师认为钢筋混凝土结构的延性一般,但是从韩国三星百货大楼倒塌到这次的渥太华停车楼倒塌,很多混凝土结构在倒塌前都有较为明显的预兆。比如这次渥太华停车楼倒塌从发现结构出现严重变形到完全倒塌差不多有12个小时。所以如果有合适的监测手段,能够在灾难发生前识别这种异常变形,那就有可能有效避免倒塌引起的严重伤亡。而且这种变形其实挺大的,一些通用监测设备(例如摄像头、无人机等)应该有很好的应用前景。


来源:陆新征课题组
振动断裂非线性化学通用建筑消防BIMOpensees材料科普数字孪生控制人工智能
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首次发布时间:2025-03-09
最近编辑:1月前
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